データバックアップツール

クラス設計とコンストラクタ

App097クラスにアプリの全機能をまとめています。__init__でウィンドウ設定、_build_ui()でUI構築、process()でメイン処理を担当します。責任の分離により、コードが読みやすくなります。

import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import ttk, messagebox, filedialog
import shutil
import os
import threading
import hashlib
from datetime import datetime


class App097:
    """データバックアップツール"""

    COMPARE_MODES = ["新しいファイルのみ", "変更されたファイル (mtime)", "全ファイル", "md5差分"]

    def __init__(self, root):
        self.root = root
        self.root.title("データバックアップツール")
        self.root.geometry("960x620")
        self.root.configure(bg="#1e1e1e")
        self._tasks   = []   # [{"src": ..., "dst": ..., "mode": ..., "enabled": bool}]
        self._running = False
        self._build_ui()

    def _build_ui(self):
        header = tk.Frame(self.root, bg="#252526", pady=6)
        header.pack(fill=tk.X)
        tk.Label(header, text="💾 データバックアップツール",
                 font=("Noto Sans JP", 12, "bold"),
                 bg="#252526", fg="#4fc3f7").pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=12)

        # ツールバー
        tb = tk.Frame(self.root, bg="#2d2d2d", pady=4)
        tb.pack(fill=tk.X)
        tk.Button(tb, text="＋ バックアップ追加", command=self._add_task,
                  bg="#1565c0", fg="white", relief=tk.FLAT,
                  font=("Arial", 10), padx=12, pady=4,
                  activebackground="#0d47a1", bd=0).pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=4)
        tk.Button(tb, text="🗑 削除", command=self._delete_task,
                  bg="#c62828", fg="white", relief=tk.FLAT,
                  font=("Arial", 10), padx=12, pady=4,
                  activebackground="#b71c1c", bd=0).pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=2)
        tk.Button(tb, text="▶ 選択を実行", command=self._run_selected,
                  bg="#2e7d32", fg="white", relief=tk.FLAT,
                  font=("Arial", 10, "bold"), padx=14, pady=4,
                  activebackground="#1b5e20", bd=0).pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=8)
        tk.Button(tb, text="▶▶ 全て実行", command=self._run_all,
                  bg="#f57c00", fg="white", relief=tk.FLAT,
                  font=("Arial", 10), padx=14, pady=4,
                  activebackground="#e65100", bd=0).pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=2)
        tk.Button(tb, text="⏹ 停止", command=lambda: setattr(self, "_running", False),
                  bg="#3c3c3c", fg="white", relief=tk.FLAT,
                  font=("Arial", 10), padx=12, pady=4,
                  activebackground="#505050", bd=0).pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=4)

        # タスクリスト
        task_f = tk.Frame(self.root, bg="#1e1e1e")
        task_f.pack(fill=tk.X, padx=8, pady=4)
        tk.Label(task_f, text="バックアップタスク", bg="#1e1e1e", fg="#888",
                 font=("Arial", 9)).pack(anchor="w")
        cols = ("enabled", "src", "dst", "mode", "last_run", "status")
        self.task_tree = ttk.Treeview(task_f, columns=cols,
                                       show="headings", height=6)
        for col, text, width in [
            ("enabled", "有効",     50),
            ("src",     "コピー元", 220),
            ("dst",     "コピー先", 220),
            ("mode",    "モード",   140),
            ("last_run","最終実行", 130),
            ("status",  "状態",      80),
        ]:
            self.task_tree.heading(col, text=text)
            self.task_tree.column(col, width=width, anchor="w")
        tsb = ttk.Scrollbar(task_f, command=self.task_tree.yview)
        self.task_tree.configure(yscrollcommand=tsb.set)
        tsb.pack(side=tk.RIGHT, fill=tk.Y)
        self.task_tree.pack(fill=tk.X)
        self.task_tree.tag_configure("done",  foreground="#26a69a")
        self.task_tree.tag_configure("error", foreground="#ef5350")

        # ログ
        tk.Label(self.root, text="ログ", bg="#1e1e1e", fg="#888",
                 font=("Arial", 8)).pack(anchor="w", padx=8, pady=(8, 0))
        log_f = tk.Frame(self.root, bg="#0d1117")
        log_f.pack(fill=tk.BOTH, expand=True, padx=8, pady=2)
        self.log_text = tk.Text(log_f, bg="#0d1117", fg="#8b949e",
                                 font=("Courier New", 8), relief=tk.FLAT,
                                 state=tk.DISABLED)
        lsb2 = ttk.Scrollbar(log_f, command=self.log_text.yview)
        self.log_text.configure(yscrollcommand=lsb2.set)
        lsb2.pack(side=tk.RIGHT, fill=tk.Y)
        self.log_text.pack(fill=tk.BOTH, expand=True)
        self.log_text.tag_configure("copy",  foreground="#4fc3f7")
        self.log_text.tag_configure("skip",  foreground="#555")
        self.log_text.tag_configure("error", foreground="#ef5350")
        self.log_text.tag_configure("info",  foreground="#8b949e")

        self.progress = ttk.Progressbar(self.root, mode="determinate")
        self.progress.pack(fill=tk.X, padx=8)
        self.status_var = tk.StringVar(value="バックアップタスクを追加してください")
        tk.Label(self.root, textvariable=self.status_var,
                 bg="#252526", fg="#858585", font=("Arial", 9),
                 anchor="w", padx=8).pack(fill=tk.X, side=tk.BOTTOM)

    def _log(self, msg, tag="info"):
        self.log_text.configure(state=tk.NORMAL)
        ts = datetime.now().strftime("%H:%M:%S")
        self.log_text.insert(tk.END, f"[{ts}] {msg}\n", tag)
        self.log_text.see(tk.END)
        self.log_text.configure(state=tk.DISABLED)

    def _add_task(self):
        dlg = tk.Toplevel(self.root)
        dlg.title("バックアップ追加")
        dlg.configure(bg="#252526")
        dlg.grab_set()

        src_var  = tk.StringVar()
        dst_var  = tk.StringVar()
        mode_var = tk.StringVar(value=self.COMPARE_MODES[0])
        en_var   = tk.BooleanVar(value=True)

        for label, var, is_dir in [("コピー元:", src_var, True),
                                    ("コピー先:", dst_var, True)]:
            row = tk.Frame(dlg, bg="#252526")
            row.pack(fill=tk.X, padx=12, pady=4)
            tk.Label(row, text=label, bg="#252526", fg="#ccc",
                     width=10, anchor="w").pack(side=tk.LEFT)
            ttk.Entry(row, textvariable=var, width=30).pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=4)
            ttk.Button(row, text="参照",
                       command=lambda v=var: v.set(
                           filedialog.askdirectory() or v.get())
                       ).pack(side=tk.LEFT)

        row = tk.Frame(dlg, bg="#252526")
        row.pack(fill=tk.X, padx=12, pady=4)
        tk.Label(row, text="モード:", bg="#252526", fg="#ccc",
                 width=10, anchor="w").pack(side=tk.LEFT)
        ttk.Combobox(row, textvariable=mode_var,
                     values=self.COMPARE_MODES,
                     state="readonly", width=20).pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=4)

        tk.Checkbutton(dlg, text="有効", variable=en_var,
                       bg="#252526", fg="#ccc", selectcolor="#3c3c3c",
                       activebackground="#252526").pack(padx=12, pady=2, anchor="w")

        def _ok():
            src = src_var.get().strip()
            dst = dst_var.get().strip()
            if not src or not dst:
                return
            task = {"src": src, "dst": dst, "mode": mode_var.get(),
                    "enabled": en_var.get(), "last_run": "", "status": "待機"}
            self._tasks.append(task)
            self.task_tree.insert(
                "", tk.END,
                values=("✔" if en_var.get() else "✘",
                         src, dst, mode_var.get(), "", "待機"))
            dlg.destroy()

        ttk.Button(dlg, text="追加", command=_ok).pack(pady=8)

    def _delete_task(self):
        sel = self.task_tree.selection()
        if not sel:
            return
        idx = self.task_tree.index(sel[0])
        if idx < len(self._tasks):
            del self._tasks[idx]
        self.task_tree.delete(sel[0])

    def _run_selected(self):
        sel = self.task_tree.selection()
        if not sel:
            messagebox.showinfo("情報", "タスクを選択してください")
            return
        idx  = self.task_tree.index(sel[0])
        iid  = sel[0]
        task = self._tasks[idx]
        threading.Thread(target=self._do_backup,
                          args=([task], [iid]),
                          daemon=True).start()

    def _run_all(self):
        enabled = [(t, iid) for t, iid in zip(
            self._tasks, self.task_tree.get_children()) if t["enabled"]]
        if not enabled:
            messagebox.showwarning("警告", "有効なタスクがありません")
            return
        tasks, iids = zip(*enabled)
        threading.Thread(target=self._do_backup,
                          args=(tasks, iids), daemon=True).start()

    def _do_backup(self, tasks, iids):
        self._running = True
        total_copied = total_skipped = total_errors = 0

        for task, iid in zip(tasks, iids):
            if not self._running:
                break
            src  = task["src"]
            dst  = task["dst"]
            mode = task["mode"]

            if not os.path.isdir(src):
                self.root.after(0, self._log,
                                 f"エラー: ソースが存在しません: {src}", "error")
                continue

            os.makedirs(dst, exist_ok=True)
            self.root.after(0, self._log,
                             f"開始: {src} → {dst}  [{mode}]", "info")

            # ファイル一覧収集
            all_files = []
            for dirpath, _, filenames in os.walk(src):
                for fn in filenames:
                    all_files.append(os.path.join(dirpath, fn))

            self.root.after(0, self.progress.configure,
                             {"maximum": len(all_files), "value": 0})

            copied = skipped = errors = 0
            for i, src_file in enumerate(all_files):
                if not self._running:
                    break
                rel    = os.path.relpath(src_file, src)
                dst_file = os.path.join(dst, rel)

                should_copy = False
                try:
                    if not os.path.exists(dst_file):
                        should_copy = True
                    elif mode == "全ファイル":
                        should_copy = True
                    elif mode == "新しいファイルのみ":
                        if os.path.getmtime(src_file) > os.path.getmtime(dst_file):
                            should_copy = True
                    elif mode == "変更されたファイル (mtime)":
                        if abs(os.path.getmtime(src_file) -
                               os.path.getmtime(dst_file)) > 1:
                            should_copy = True
                    elif mode == "md5差分":
                        should_copy = (self._md5(src_file) != self._md5(dst_file))

                    if should_copy:
                        os.makedirs(os.path.dirname(dst_file), exist_ok=True)
                        shutil.copy2(src_file, dst_file)
                        self.root.after(0, self._log, f"コピー: {rel}", "copy")
                        copied += 1
                    else:
                        skipped += 1
                except Exception as e:
                    self.root.after(0, self._log, f"エラー: {rel}: {e}", "error")
                    errors += 1

                self.root.after(0, self.progress.configure, {"value": i + 1})

            ts = datetime.now().strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")
            task["last_run"] = ts
            tag = "done" if errors == 0 else "error"
            self.root.after(0, self.task_tree.item, iid, {
                "values": ("✔" if task["enabled"] else "✘",
                            task["src"], task["dst"],
                            task["mode"], ts, f"✔{copied}コピー"),
                "tags": (tag,)})

            total_copied  += copied
            total_skipped += skipped
            total_errors  += errors
            self.root.after(0, self._log,
                             f"完了: コピー {copied} / スキップ {skipped} / エラー {errors}",
                             "info")

        self._running = False
        self.root.after(0, self.status_var.set,
                         f"全タスク完了: コピー {total_copied}  スキップ {total_skipped}  エラー {total_errors}")

    @staticmethod
    def _md5(path):
        h = hashlib.md5()
        with open(path, "rb") as f:
            for chunk in iter(lambda: f.read(65536), b""):
                h.update(chunk)
        return h.hexdigest()


if __name__ == "__main__":
    root = tk.Tk()
    app = App097(root)
    root.mainloop()

UIレイアウトの構築

LabelFrameで入力エリアと結果エリアを視覚的に分けています。pack()で縦に並べ、expand=Trueで結果エリアが画面いっぱいに広がるよう設定しています。

import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import ttk, messagebox, filedialog
import shutil
import os
import threading
import hashlib
from datetime import datetime


class App097:
    """データバックアップツール"""

    COMPARE_MODES = ["新しいファイルのみ", "変更されたファイル (mtime)", "全ファイル", "md5差分"]

    def __init__(self, root):
        self.root = root
        self.root.title("データバックアップツール")
        self.root.geometry("960x620")
        self.root.configure(bg="#1e1e1e")
        self._tasks   = []   # [{"src": ..., "dst": ..., "mode": ..., "enabled": bool}]
        self._running = False
        self._build_ui()

    def _build_ui(self):
        header = tk.Frame(self.root, bg="#252526", pady=6)
        header.pack(fill=tk.X)
        tk.Label(header, text="💾 データバックアップツール",
                 font=("Noto Sans JP", 12, "bold"),
                 bg="#252526", fg="#4fc3f7").pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=12)

        # ツールバー
        tb = tk.Frame(self.root, bg="#2d2d2d", pady=4)
        tb.pack(fill=tk.X)
        tk.Button(tb, text="＋ バックアップ追加", command=self._add_task,
                  bg="#1565c0", fg="white", relief=tk.FLAT,
                  font=("Arial", 10), padx=12, pady=4,
                  activebackground="#0d47a1", bd=0).pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=4)
        tk.Button(tb, text="🗑 削除", command=self._delete_task,
                  bg="#c62828", fg="white", relief=tk.FLAT,
                  font=("Arial", 10), padx=12, pady=4,
                  activebackground="#b71c1c", bd=0).pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=2)
        tk.Button(tb, text="▶ 選択を実行", command=self._run_selected,
                  bg="#2e7d32", fg="white", relief=tk.FLAT,
                  font=("Arial", 10, "bold"), padx=14, pady=4,
                  activebackground="#1b5e20", bd=0).pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=8)
        tk.Button(tb, text="▶▶ 全て実行", command=self._run_all,
                  bg="#f57c00", fg="white", relief=tk.FLAT,
                  font=("Arial", 10), padx=14, pady=4,
                  activebackground="#e65100", bd=0).pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=2)
        tk.Button(tb, text="⏹ 停止", command=lambda: setattr(self, "_running", False),
                  bg="#3c3c3c", fg="white", relief=tk.FLAT,
                  font=("Arial", 10), padx=12, pady=4,
                  activebackground="#505050", bd=0).pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=4)

        # タスクリスト
        task_f = tk.Frame(self.root, bg="#1e1e1e")
        task_f.pack(fill=tk.X, padx=8, pady=4)
        tk.Label(task_f, text="バックアップタスク", bg="#1e1e1e", fg="#888",
                 font=("Arial", 9)).pack(anchor="w")
        cols = ("enabled", "src", "dst", "mode", "last_run", "status")
        self.task_tree = ttk.Treeview(task_f, columns=cols,
                                       show="headings", height=6)
        for col, text, width in [
            ("enabled", "有効",     50),
            ("src",     "コピー元", 220),
            ("dst",     "コピー先", 220),
            ("mode",    "モード",   140),
            ("last_run","最終実行", 130),
            ("status",  "状態",      80),
        ]:
            self.task_tree.heading(col, text=text)
            self.task_tree.column(col, width=width, anchor="w")
        tsb = ttk.Scrollbar(task_f, command=self.task_tree.yview)
        self.task_tree.configure(yscrollcommand=tsb.set)
        tsb.pack(side=tk.RIGHT, fill=tk.Y)
        self.task_tree.pack(fill=tk.X)
        self.task_tree.tag_configure("done",  foreground="#26a69a")
        self.task_tree.tag_configure("error", foreground="#ef5350")

        # ログ
        tk.Label(self.root, text="ログ", bg="#1e1e1e", fg="#888",
                 font=("Arial", 8)).pack(anchor="w", padx=8, pady=(8, 0))
        log_f = tk.Frame(self.root, bg="#0d1117")
        log_f.pack(fill=tk.BOTH, expand=True, padx=8, pady=2)
        self.log_text = tk.Text(log_f, bg="#0d1117", fg="#8b949e",
                                 font=("Courier New", 8), relief=tk.FLAT,
                                 state=tk.DISABLED)
        lsb2 = ttk.Scrollbar(log_f, command=self.log_text.yview)
        self.log_text.configure(yscrollcommand=lsb2.set)
        lsb2.pack(side=tk.RIGHT, fill=tk.Y)
        self.log_text.pack(fill=tk.BOTH, expand=True)
        self.log_text.tag_configure("copy",  foreground="#4fc3f7")
        self.log_text.tag_configure("skip",  foreground="#555")
        self.log_text.tag_configure("error", foreground="#ef5350")
        self.log_text.tag_configure("info",  foreground="#8b949e")

        self.progress = ttk.Progressbar(self.root, mode="determinate")
        self.progress.pack(fill=tk.X, padx=8)
        self.status_var = tk.StringVar(value="バックアップタスクを追加してください")
        tk.Label(self.root, textvariable=self.status_var,
                 bg="#252526", fg="#858585", font=("Arial", 9),
                 anchor="w", padx=8).pack(fill=tk.X, side=tk.BOTTOM)

    def _log(self, msg, tag="info"):
        self.log_text.configure(state=tk.NORMAL)
        ts = datetime.now().strftime("%H:%M:%S")
        self.log_text.insert(tk.END, f"[{ts}] {msg}\n", tag)
        self.log_text.see(tk.END)
        self.log_text.configure(state=tk.DISABLED)

    def _add_task(self):
        dlg = tk.Toplevel(self.root)
        dlg.title("バックアップ追加")
        dlg.configure(bg="#252526")
        dlg.grab_set()

        src_var  = tk.StringVar()
        dst_var  = tk.StringVar()
        mode_var = tk.StringVar(value=self.COMPARE_MODES[0])
        en_var   = tk.BooleanVar(value=True)

        for label, var, is_dir in [("コピー元:", src_var, True),
                                    ("コピー先:", dst_var, True)]:
            row = tk.Frame(dlg, bg="#252526")
            row.pack(fill=tk.X, padx=12, pady=4)
            tk.Label(row, text=label, bg="#252526", fg="#ccc",
                     width=10, anchor="w").pack(side=tk.LEFT)
            ttk.Entry(row, textvariable=var, width=30).pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=4)
            ttk.Button(row, text="参照",
                       command=lambda v=var: v.set(
                           filedialog.askdirectory() or v.get())
                       ).pack(side=tk.LEFT)

        row = tk.Frame(dlg, bg="#252526")
        row.pack(fill=tk.X, padx=12, pady=4)
        tk.Label(row, text="モード:", bg="#252526", fg="#ccc",
                 width=10, anchor="w").pack(side=tk.LEFT)
        ttk.Combobox(row, textvariable=mode_var,
                     values=self.COMPARE_MODES,
                     state="readonly", width=20).pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=4)

        tk.Checkbutton(dlg, text="有効", variable=en_var,
                       bg="#252526", fg="#ccc", selectcolor="#3c3c3c",
                       activebackground="#252526").pack(padx=12, pady=2, anchor="w")

        def _ok():
            src = src_var.get().strip()
            dst = dst_var.get().strip()
            if not src or not dst:
                return
            task = {"src": src, "dst": dst, "mode": mode_var.get(),
                    "enabled": en_var.get(), "last_run": "", "status": "待機"}
            self._tasks.append(task)
            self.task_tree.insert(
                "", tk.END,
                values=("✔" if en_var.get() else "✘",
                         src, dst, mode_var.get(), "", "待機"))
            dlg.destroy()

        ttk.Button(dlg, text="追加", command=_ok).pack(pady=8)

    def _delete_task(self):
        sel = self.task_tree.selection()
        if not sel:
            return
        idx = self.task_tree.index(sel[0])
        if idx < len(self._tasks):
            del self._tasks[idx]
        self.task_tree.delete(sel[0])

    def _run_selected(self):
        sel = self.task_tree.selection()
        if not sel:
            messagebox.showinfo("情報", "タスクを選択してください")
            return
        idx  = self.task_tree.index(sel[0])
        iid  = sel[0]
        task = self._tasks[idx]
        threading.Thread(target=self._do_backup,
                          args=([task], [iid]),
                          daemon=True).start()

    def _run_all(self):
        enabled = [(t, iid) for t, iid in zip(
            self._tasks, self.task_tree.get_children()) if t["enabled"]]
        if not enabled:
            messagebox.showwarning("警告", "有効なタスクがありません")
            return
        tasks, iids = zip(*enabled)
        threading.Thread(target=self._do_backup,
                          args=(tasks, iids), daemon=True).start()

    def _do_backup(self, tasks, iids):
        self._running = True
        total_copied = total_skipped = total_errors = 0

        for task, iid in zip(tasks, iids):
            if not self._running:
                break
            src  = task["src"]
            dst  = task["dst"]
            mode = task["mode"]

            if not os.path.isdir(src):
                self.root.after(0, self._log,
                                 f"エラー: ソースが存在しません: {src}", "error")
                continue

            os.makedirs(dst, exist_ok=True)
            self.root.after(0, self._log,
                             f"開始: {src} → {dst}  [{mode}]", "info")

            # ファイル一覧収集
            all_files = []
            for dirpath, _, filenames in os.walk(src):
                for fn in filenames:
                    all_files.append(os.path.join(dirpath, fn))

            self.root.after(0, self.progress.configure,
                             {"maximum": len(all_files), "value": 0})

            copied = skipped = errors = 0
            for i, src_file in enumerate(all_files):
                if not self._running:
                    break
                rel    = os.path.relpath(src_file, src)
                dst_file = os.path.join(dst, rel)

                should_copy = False
                try:
                    if not os.path.exists(dst_file):
                        should_copy = True
                    elif mode == "全ファイル":
                        should_copy = True
                    elif mode == "新しいファイルのみ":
                        if os.path.getmtime(src_file) > os.path.getmtime(dst_file):
                            should_copy = True
                    elif mode == "変更されたファイル (mtime)":
                        if abs(os.path.getmtime(src_file) -
                               os.path.getmtime(dst_file)) > 1:
                            should_copy = True
                    elif mode == "md5差分":
                        should_copy = (self._md5(src_file) != self._md5(dst_file))

                    if should_copy:
                        os.makedirs(os.path.dirname(dst_file), exist_ok=True)
                        shutil.copy2(src_file, dst_file)
                        self.root.after(0, self._log, f"コピー: {rel}", "copy")
                        copied += 1
                    else:
                        skipped += 1
                except Exception as e:
                    self.root.after(0, self._log, f"エラー: {rel}: {e}", "error")
                    errors += 1

                self.root.after(0, self.progress.configure, {"value": i + 1})

            ts = datetime.now().strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")
            task["last_run"] = ts
            tag = "done" if errors == 0 else "error"
            self.root.after(0, self.task_tree.item, iid, {
                "values": ("✔" if task["enabled"] else "✘",
                            task["src"], task["dst"],
                            task["mode"], ts, f"✔{copied}コピー"),
                "tags": (tag,)})

            total_copied  += copied
            total_skipped += skipped
            total_errors  += errors
            self.root.after(0, self._log,
                             f"完了: コピー {copied} / スキップ {skipped} / エラー {errors}",
                             "info")

        self._running = False
        self.root.after(0, self.status_var.set,
                         f"全タスク完了: コピー {total_copied}  スキップ {total_skipped}  エラー {total_errors}")

    @staticmethod
    def _md5(path):
        h = hashlib.md5()
        with open(path, "rb") as f:
            for chunk in iter(lambda: f.read(65536), b""):
                h.update(chunk)
        return h.hexdigest()


if __name__ == "__main__":
    root = tk.Tk()
    app = App097(root)
    root.mainloop()

イベント処理

ボタンのcommand引数でクリックイベントを、bind('')でEnterキーイベントを処理します。どちらの操作でも同じprocess()が呼ばれ、コードの重複を避けられます。

import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import ttk, messagebox, filedialog
import shutil
import os
import threading
import hashlib
from datetime import datetime


class App097:
    """データバックアップツール"""

    COMPARE_MODES = ["新しいファイルのみ", "変更されたファイル (mtime)", "全ファイル", "md5差分"]

    def __init__(self, root):
        self.root = root
        self.root.title("データバックアップツール")
        self.root.geometry("960x620")
        self.root.configure(bg="#1e1e1e")
        self._tasks   = []   # [{"src": ..., "dst": ..., "mode": ..., "enabled": bool}]
        self._running = False
        self._build_ui()

    def _build_ui(self):
        header = tk.Frame(self.root, bg="#252526", pady=6)
        header.pack(fill=tk.X)
        tk.Label(header, text="💾 データバックアップツール",
                 font=("Noto Sans JP", 12, "bold"),
                 bg="#252526", fg="#4fc3f7").pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=12)

        # ツールバー
        tb = tk.Frame(self.root, bg="#2d2d2d", pady=4)
        tb.pack(fill=tk.X)
        tk.Button(tb, text="＋ バックアップ追加", command=self._add_task,
                  bg="#1565c0", fg="white", relief=tk.FLAT,
                  font=("Arial", 10), padx=12, pady=4,
                  activebackground="#0d47a1", bd=0).pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=4)
        tk.Button(tb, text="🗑 削除", command=self._delete_task,
                  bg="#c62828", fg="white", relief=tk.FLAT,
                  font=("Arial", 10), padx=12, pady=4,
                  activebackground="#b71c1c", bd=0).pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=2)
        tk.Button(tb, text="▶ 選択を実行", command=self._run_selected,
                  bg="#2e7d32", fg="white", relief=tk.FLAT,
                  font=("Arial", 10, "bold"), padx=14, pady=4,
                  activebackground="#1b5e20", bd=0).pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=8)
        tk.Button(tb, text="▶▶ 全て実行", command=self._run_all,
                  bg="#f57c00", fg="white", relief=tk.FLAT,
                  font=("Arial", 10), padx=14, pady=4,
                  activebackground="#e65100", bd=0).pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=2)
        tk.Button(tb, text="⏹ 停止", command=lambda: setattr(self, "_running", False),
                  bg="#3c3c3c", fg="white", relief=tk.FLAT,
                  font=("Arial", 10), padx=12, pady=4,
                  activebackground="#505050", bd=0).pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=4)

        # タスクリスト
        task_f = tk.Frame(self.root, bg="#1e1e1e")
        task_f.pack(fill=tk.X, padx=8, pady=4)
        tk.Label(task_f, text="バックアップタスク", bg="#1e1e1e", fg="#888",
                 font=("Arial", 9)).pack(anchor="w")
        cols = ("enabled", "src", "dst", "mode", "last_run", "status")
        self.task_tree = ttk.Treeview(task_f, columns=cols,
                                       show="headings", height=6)
        for col, text, width in [
            ("enabled", "有効",     50),
            ("src",     "コピー元", 220),
            ("dst",     "コピー先", 220),
            ("mode",    "モード",   140),
            ("last_run","最終実行", 130),
            ("status",  "状態",      80),
        ]:
            self.task_tree.heading(col, text=text)
            self.task_tree.column(col, width=width, anchor="w")
        tsb = ttk.Scrollbar(task_f, command=self.task_tree.yview)
        self.task_tree.configure(yscrollcommand=tsb.set)
        tsb.pack(side=tk.RIGHT, fill=tk.Y)
        self.task_tree.pack(fill=tk.X)
        self.task_tree.tag_configure("done",  foreground="#26a69a")
        self.task_tree.tag_configure("error", foreground="#ef5350")

        # ログ
        tk.Label(self.root, text="ログ", bg="#1e1e1e", fg="#888",
                 font=("Arial", 8)).pack(anchor="w", padx=8, pady=(8, 0))
        log_f = tk.Frame(self.root, bg="#0d1117")
        log_f.pack(fill=tk.BOTH, expand=True, padx=8, pady=2)
        self.log_text = tk.Text(log_f, bg="#0d1117", fg="#8b949e",
                                 font=("Courier New", 8), relief=tk.FLAT,
                                 state=tk.DISABLED)
        lsb2 = ttk.Scrollbar(log_f, command=self.log_text.yview)
        self.log_text.configure(yscrollcommand=lsb2.set)
        lsb2.pack(side=tk.RIGHT, fill=tk.Y)
        self.log_text.pack(fill=tk.BOTH, expand=True)
        self.log_text.tag_configure("copy",  foreground="#4fc3f7")
        self.log_text.tag_configure("skip",  foreground="#555")
        self.log_text.tag_configure("error", foreground="#ef5350")
        self.log_text.tag_configure("info",  foreground="#8b949e")

        self.progress = ttk.Progressbar(self.root, mode="determinate")
        self.progress.pack(fill=tk.X, padx=8)
        self.status_var = tk.StringVar(value="バックアップタスクを追加してください")
        tk.Label(self.root, textvariable=self.status_var,
                 bg="#252526", fg="#858585", font=("Arial", 9),
                 anchor="w", padx=8).pack(fill=tk.X, side=tk.BOTTOM)

    def _log(self, msg, tag="info"):
        self.log_text.configure(state=tk.NORMAL)
        ts = datetime.now().strftime("%H:%M:%S")
        self.log_text.insert(tk.END, f"[{ts}] {msg}\n", tag)
        self.log_text.see(tk.END)
        self.log_text.configure(state=tk.DISABLED)

    def _add_task(self):
        dlg = tk.Toplevel(self.root)
        dlg.title("バックアップ追加")
        dlg.configure(bg="#252526")
        dlg.grab_set()

        src_var  = tk.StringVar()
        dst_var  = tk.StringVar()
        mode_var = tk.StringVar(value=self.COMPARE_MODES[0])
        en_var   = tk.BooleanVar(value=True)

        for label, var, is_dir in [("コピー元:", src_var, True),
                                    ("コピー先:", dst_var, True)]:
            row = tk.Frame(dlg, bg="#252526")
            row.pack(fill=tk.X, padx=12, pady=4)
            tk.Label(row, text=label, bg="#252526", fg="#ccc",
                     width=10, anchor="w").pack(side=tk.LEFT)
            ttk.Entry(row, textvariable=var, width=30).pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=4)
            ttk.Button(row, text="参照",
                       command=lambda v=var: v.set(
                           filedialog.askdirectory() or v.get())
                       ).pack(side=tk.LEFT)

        row = tk.Frame(dlg, bg="#252526")
        row.pack(fill=tk.X, padx=12, pady=4)
        tk.Label(row, text="モード:", bg="#252526", fg="#ccc",
                 width=10, anchor="w").pack(side=tk.LEFT)
        ttk.Combobox(row, textvariable=mode_var,
                     values=self.COMPARE_MODES,
                     state="readonly", width=20).pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=4)

        tk.Checkbutton(dlg, text="有効", variable=en_var,
                       bg="#252526", fg="#ccc", selectcolor="#3c3c3c",
                       activebackground="#252526").pack(padx=12, pady=2, anchor="w")

        def _ok():
            src = src_var.get().strip()
            dst = dst_var.get().strip()
            if not src or not dst:
                return
            task = {"src": src, "dst": dst, "mode": mode_var.get(),
                    "enabled": en_var.get(), "last_run": "", "status": "待機"}
            self._tasks.append(task)
            self.task_tree.insert(
                "", tk.END,
                values=("✔" if en_var.get() else "✘",
                         src, dst, mode_var.get(), "", "待機"))
            dlg.destroy()

        ttk.Button(dlg, text="追加", command=_ok).pack(pady=8)

    def _delete_task(self):
        sel = self.task_tree.selection()
        if not sel:
            return
        idx = self.task_tree.index(sel[0])
        if idx < len(self._tasks):
            del self._tasks[idx]
        self.task_tree.delete(sel[0])

    def _run_selected(self):
        sel = self.task_tree.selection()
        if not sel:
            messagebox.showinfo("情報", "タスクを選択してください")
            return
        idx  = self.task_tree.index(sel[0])
        iid  = sel[0]
        task = self._tasks[idx]
        threading.Thread(target=self._do_backup,
                          args=([task], [iid]),
                          daemon=True).start()

    def _run_all(self):
        enabled = [(t, iid) for t, iid in zip(
            self._tasks, self.task_tree.get_children()) if t["enabled"]]
        if not enabled:
            messagebox.showwarning("警告", "有効なタスクがありません")
            return
        tasks, iids = zip(*enabled)
        threading.Thread(target=self._do_backup,
                          args=(tasks, iids), daemon=True).start()

    def _do_backup(self, tasks, iids):
        self._running = True
        total_copied = total_skipped = total_errors = 0

        for task, iid in zip(tasks, iids):
            if not self._running:
                break
            src  = task["src"]
            dst  = task["dst"]
            mode = task["mode"]

            if not os.path.isdir(src):
                self.root.after(0, self._log,
                                 f"エラー: ソースが存在しません: {src}", "error")
                continue

            os.makedirs(dst, exist_ok=True)
            self.root.after(0, self._log,
                             f"開始: {src} → {dst}  [{mode}]", "info")

            # ファイル一覧収集
            all_files = []
            for dirpath, _, filenames in os.walk(src):
                for fn in filenames:
                    all_files.append(os.path.join(dirpath, fn))

            self.root.after(0, self.progress.configure,
                             {"maximum": len(all_files), "value": 0})

            copied = skipped = errors = 0
            for i, src_file in enumerate(all_files):
                if not self._running:
                    break
                rel    = os.path.relpath(src_file, src)
                dst_file = os.path.join(dst, rel)

                should_copy = False
                try:
                    if not os.path.exists(dst_file):
                        should_copy = True
                    elif mode == "全ファイル":
                        should_copy = True
                    elif mode == "新しいファイルのみ":
                        if os.path.getmtime(src_file) > os.path.getmtime(dst_file):
                            should_copy = True
                    elif mode == "変更されたファイル (mtime)":
                        if abs(os.path.getmtime(src_file) -
                               os.path.getmtime(dst_file)) > 1:
                            should_copy = True
                    elif mode == "md5差分":
                        should_copy = (self._md5(src_file) != self._md5(dst_file))

                    if should_copy:
                        os.makedirs(os.path.dirname(dst_file), exist_ok=True)
                        shutil.copy2(src_file, dst_file)
                        self.root.after(0, self._log, f"コピー: {rel}", "copy")
                        copied += 1
                    else:
                        skipped += 1
                except Exception as e:
                    self.root.after(0, self._log, f"エラー: {rel}: {e}", "error")
                    errors += 1

                self.root.after(0, self.progress.configure, {"value": i + 1})

            ts = datetime.now().strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")
            task["last_run"] = ts
            tag = "done" if errors == 0 else "error"
            self.root.after(0, self.task_tree.item, iid, {
                "values": ("✔" if task["enabled"] else "✘",
                            task["src"], task["dst"],
                            task["mode"], ts, f"✔{copied}コピー"),
                "tags": (tag,)})

            total_copied  += copied
            total_skipped += skipped
            total_errors  += errors
            self.root.after(0, self._log,
                             f"完了: コピー {copied} / スキップ {skipped} / エラー {errors}",
                             "info")

        self._running = False
        self.root.after(0, self.status_var.set,
                         f"全タスク完了: コピー {total_copied}  スキップ {total_skipped}  エラー {total_errors}")

    @staticmethod
    def _md5(path):
        h = hashlib.md5()
        with open(path, "rb") as f:
            for chunk in iter(lambda: f.read(65536), b""):
                h.update(chunk)
        return h.hexdigest()


if __name__ == "__main__":
    root = tk.Tk()
    app = App097(root)
    root.mainloop()

Textウィジェットでの結果表示

tk.Textウィジェットをstate=DISABLED（読み取り専用）で作成し、更新時はNORMALに変更してinsert()で内容を書き込み、再びDISABLEDに戻します。

import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import ttk, messagebox, filedialog
import shutil
import os
import threading
import hashlib
from datetime import datetime


class App097:
    """データバックアップツール"""

    COMPARE_MODES = ["新しいファイルのみ", "変更されたファイル (mtime)", "全ファイル", "md5差分"]

    def __init__(self, root):
        self.root = root
        self.root.title("データバックアップツール")
        self.root.geometry("960x620")
        self.root.configure(bg="#1e1e1e")
        self._tasks   = []   # [{"src": ..., "dst": ..., "mode": ..., "enabled": bool}]
        self._running = False
        self._build_ui()

    def _build_ui(self):
        header = tk.Frame(self.root, bg="#252526", pady=6)
        header.pack(fill=tk.X)
        tk.Label(header, text="💾 データバックアップツール",
                 font=("Noto Sans JP", 12, "bold"),
                 bg="#252526", fg="#4fc3f7").pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=12)

        # ツールバー
        tb = tk.Frame(self.root, bg="#2d2d2d", pady=4)
        tb.pack(fill=tk.X)
        tk.Button(tb, text="＋ バックアップ追加", command=self._add_task,
                  bg="#1565c0", fg="white", relief=tk.FLAT,
                  font=("Arial", 10), padx=12, pady=4,
                  activebackground="#0d47a1", bd=0).pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=4)
        tk.Button(tb, text="🗑 削除", command=self._delete_task,
                  bg="#c62828", fg="white", relief=tk.FLAT,
                  font=("Arial", 10), padx=12, pady=4,
                  activebackground="#b71c1c", bd=0).pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=2)
        tk.Button(tb, text="▶ 選択を実行", command=self._run_selected,
                  bg="#2e7d32", fg="white", relief=tk.FLAT,
                  font=("Arial", 10, "bold"), padx=14, pady=4,
                  activebackground="#1b5e20", bd=0).pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=8)
        tk.Button(tb, text="▶▶ 全て実行", command=self._run_all,
                  bg="#f57c00", fg="white", relief=tk.FLAT,
                  font=("Arial", 10), padx=14, pady=4,
                  activebackground="#e65100", bd=0).pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=2)
        tk.Button(tb, text="⏹ 停止", command=lambda: setattr(self, "_running", False),
                  bg="#3c3c3c", fg="white", relief=tk.FLAT,
                  font=("Arial", 10), padx=12, pady=4,
                  activebackground="#505050", bd=0).pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=4)

        # タスクリスト
        task_f = tk.Frame(self.root, bg="#1e1e1e")
        task_f.pack(fill=tk.X, padx=8, pady=4)
        tk.Label(task_f, text="バックアップタスク", bg="#1e1e1e", fg="#888",
                 font=("Arial", 9)).pack(anchor="w")
        cols = ("enabled", "src", "dst", "mode", "last_run", "status")
        self.task_tree = ttk.Treeview(task_f, columns=cols,
                                       show="headings", height=6)
        for col, text, width in [
            ("enabled", "有効",     50),
            ("src",     "コピー元", 220),
            ("dst",     "コピー先", 220),
            ("mode",    "モード",   140),
            ("last_run","最終実行", 130),
            ("status",  "状態",      80),
        ]:
            self.task_tree.heading(col, text=text)
            self.task_tree.column(col, width=width, anchor="w")
        tsb = ttk.Scrollbar(task_f, command=self.task_tree.yview)
        self.task_tree.configure(yscrollcommand=tsb.set)
        tsb.pack(side=tk.RIGHT, fill=tk.Y)
        self.task_tree.pack(fill=tk.X)
        self.task_tree.tag_configure("done",  foreground="#26a69a")
        self.task_tree.tag_configure("error", foreground="#ef5350")

        # ログ
        tk.Label(self.root, text="ログ", bg="#1e1e1e", fg="#888",
                 font=("Arial", 8)).pack(anchor="w", padx=8, pady=(8, 0))
        log_f = tk.Frame(self.root, bg="#0d1117")
        log_f.pack(fill=tk.BOTH, expand=True, padx=8, pady=2)
        self.log_text = tk.Text(log_f, bg="#0d1117", fg="#8b949e",
                                 font=("Courier New", 8), relief=tk.FLAT,
                                 state=tk.DISABLED)
        lsb2 = ttk.Scrollbar(log_f, command=self.log_text.yview)
        self.log_text.configure(yscrollcommand=lsb2.set)
        lsb2.pack(side=tk.RIGHT, fill=tk.Y)
        self.log_text.pack(fill=tk.BOTH, expand=True)
        self.log_text.tag_configure("copy",  foreground="#4fc3f7")
        self.log_text.tag_configure("skip",  foreground="#555")
        self.log_text.tag_configure("error", foreground="#ef5350")
        self.log_text.tag_configure("info",  foreground="#8b949e")

        self.progress = ttk.Progressbar(self.root, mode="determinate")
        self.progress.pack(fill=tk.X, padx=8)
        self.status_var = tk.StringVar(value="バックアップタスクを追加してください")
        tk.Label(self.root, textvariable=self.status_var,
                 bg="#252526", fg="#858585", font=("Arial", 9),
                 anchor="w", padx=8).pack(fill=tk.X, side=tk.BOTTOM)

    def _log(self, msg, tag="info"):
        self.log_text.configure(state=tk.NORMAL)
        ts = datetime.now().strftime("%H:%M:%S")
        self.log_text.insert(tk.END, f"[{ts}] {msg}\n", tag)
        self.log_text.see(tk.END)
        self.log_text.configure(state=tk.DISABLED)

    def _add_task(self):
        dlg = tk.Toplevel(self.root)
        dlg.title("バックアップ追加")
        dlg.configure(bg="#252526")
        dlg.grab_set()

        src_var  = tk.StringVar()
        dst_var  = tk.StringVar()
        mode_var = tk.StringVar(value=self.COMPARE_MODES[0])
        en_var   = tk.BooleanVar(value=True)

        for label, var, is_dir in [("コピー元:", src_var, True),
                                    ("コピー先:", dst_var, True)]:
            row = tk.Frame(dlg, bg="#252526")
            row.pack(fill=tk.X, padx=12, pady=4)
            tk.Label(row, text=label, bg="#252526", fg="#ccc",
                     width=10, anchor="w").pack(side=tk.LEFT)
            ttk.Entry(row, textvariable=var, width=30).pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=4)
            ttk.Button(row, text="参照",
                       command=lambda v=var: v.set(
                           filedialog.askdirectory() or v.get())
                       ).pack(side=tk.LEFT)

        row = tk.Frame(dlg, bg="#252526")
        row.pack(fill=tk.X, padx=12, pady=4)
        tk.Label(row, text="モード:", bg="#252526", fg="#ccc",
                 width=10, anchor="w").pack(side=tk.LEFT)
        ttk.Combobox(row, textvariable=mode_var,
                     values=self.COMPARE_MODES,
                     state="readonly", width=20).pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=4)

        tk.Checkbutton(dlg, text="有効", variable=en_var,
                       bg="#252526", fg="#ccc", selectcolor="#3c3c3c",
                       activebackground="#252526").pack(padx=12, pady=2, anchor="w")

        def _ok():
            src = src_var.get().strip()
            dst = dst_var.get().strip()
            if not src or not dst:
                return
            task = {"src": src, "dst": dst, "mode": mode_var.get(),
                    "enabled": en_var.get(), "last_run": "", "status": "待機"}
            self._tasks.append(task)
            self.task_tree.insert(
                "", tk.END,
                values=("✔" if en_var.get() else "✘",
                         src, dst, mode_var.get(), "", "待機"))
            dlg.destroy()

        ttk.Button(dlg, text="追加", command=_ok).pack(pady=8)

    def _delete_task(self):
        sel = self.task_tree.selection()
        if not sel:
            return
        idx = self.task_tree.index(sel[0])
        if idx < len(self._tasks):
            del self._tasks[idx]
        self.task_tree.delete(sel[0])

    def _run_selected(self):
        sel = self.task_tree.selection()
        if not sel:
            messagebox.showinfo("情報", "タスクを選択してください")
            return
        idx  = self.task_tree.index(sel[0])
        iid  = sel[0]
        task = self._tasks[idx]
        threading.Thread(target=self._do_backup,
                          args=([task], [iid]),
                          daemon=True).start()

    def _run_all(self):
        enabled = [(t, iid) for t, iid in zip(
            self._tasks, self.task_tree.get_children()) if t["enabled"]]
        if not enabled:
            messagebox.showwarning("警告", "有効なタスクがありません")
            return
        tasks, iids = zip(*enabled)
        threading.Thread(target=self._do_backup,
                          args=(tasks, iids), daemon=True).start()

    def _do_backup(self, tasks, iids):
        self._running = True
        total_copied = total_skipped = total_errors = 0

        for task, iid in zip(tasks, iids):
            if not self._running:
                break
            src  = task["src"]
            dst  = task["dst"]
            mode = task["mode"]

            if not os.path.isdir(src):
                self.root.after(0, self._log,
                                 f"エラー: ソースが存在しません: {src}", "error")
                continue

            os.makedirs(dst, exist_ok=True)
            self.root.after(0, self._log,
                             f"開始: {src} → {dst}  [{mode}]", "info")

            # ファイル一覧収集
            all_files = []
            for dirpath, _, filenames in os.walk(src):
                for fn in filenames:
                    all_files.append(os.path.join(dirpath, fn))

            self.root.after(0, self.progress.configure,
                             {"maximum": len(all_files), "value": 0})

            copied = skipped = errors = 0
            for i, src_file in enumerate(all_files):
                if not self._running:
                    break
                rel    = os.path.relpath(src_file, src)
                dst_file = os.path.join(dst, rel)

                should_copy = False
                try:
                    if not os.path.exists(dst_file):
                        should_copy = True
                    elif mode == "全ファイル":
                        should_copy = True
                    elif mode == "新しいファイルのみ":
                        if os.path.getmtime(src_file) > os.path.getmtime(dst_file):
                            should_copy = True
                    elif mode == "変更されたファイル (mtime)":
                        if abs(os.path.getmtime(src_file) -
                               os.path.getmtime(dst_file)) > 1:
                            should_copy = True
                    elif mode == "md5差分":
                        should_copy = (self._md5(src_file) != self._md5(dst_file))

                    if should_copy:
                        os.makedirs(os.path.dirname(dst_file), exist_ok=True)
                        shutil.copy2(src_file, dst_file)
                        self.root.after(0, self._log, f"コピー: {rel}", "copy")
                        copied += 1
                    else:
                        skipped += 1
                except Exception as e:
                    self.root.after(0, self._log, f"エラー: {rel}: {e}", "error")
                    errors += 1

                self.root.after(0, self.progress.configure, {"value": i + 1})

            ts = datetime.now().strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")
            task["last_run"] = ts
            tag = "done" if errors == 0 else "error"
            self.root.after(0, self.task_tree.item, iid, {
                "values": ("✔" if task["enabled"] else "✘",
                            task["src"], task["dst"],
                            task["mode"], ts, f"✔{copied}コピー"),
                "tags": (tag,)})

            total_copied  += copied
            total_skipped += skipped
            total_errors  += errors
            self.root.after(0, self._log,
                             f"完了: コピー {copied} / スキップ {skipped} / エラー {errors}",
                             "info")

        self._running = False
        self.root.after(0, self.status_var.set,
                         f"全タスク完了: コピー {total_copied}  スキップ {total_skipped}  エラー {total_errors}")

    @staticmethod
    def _md5(path):
        h = hashlib.md5()
        with open(path, "rb") as f:
            for chunk in iter(lambda: f.read(65536), b""):
                h.update(chunk)
        return h.hexdigest()


if __name__ == "__main__":
    root = tk.Tk()
    app = App097(root)
    root.mainloop()

例外処理とエラーハンドリング

try-exceptでValueErrorとExceptionを捕捉し、messagebox.showerror()でエラーメッセージを表示します。予期しないエラーも処理することで、アプリの堅牢性が向上します。

import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import ttk, messagebox, filedialog
import shutil
import os
import threading
import hashlib
from datetime import datetime


class App097:
    """データバックアップツール"""

    COMPARE_MODES = ["新しいファイルのみ", "変更されたファイル (mtime)", "全ファイル", "md5差分"]

    def __init__(self, root):
        self.root = root
        self.root.title("データバックアップツール")
        self.root.geometry("960x620")
        self.root.configure(bg="#1e1e1e")
        self._tasks   = []   # [{"src": ..., "dst": ..., "mode": ..., "enabled": bool}]
        self._running = False
        self._build_ui()

    def _build_ui(self):
        header = tk.Frame(self.root, bg="#252526", pady=6)
        header.pack(fill=tk.X)
        tk.Label(header, text="💾 データバックアップツール",
                 font=("Noto Sans JP", 12, "bold"),
                 bg="#252526", fg="#4fc3f7").pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=12)

        # ツールバー
        tb = tk.Frame(self.root, bg="#2d2d2d", pady=4)
        tb.pack(fill=tk.X)
        tk.Button(tb, text="＋ バックアップ追加", command=self._add_task,
                  bg="#1565c0", fg="white", relief=tk.FLAT,
                  font=("Arial", 10), padx=12, pady=4,
                  activebackground="#0d47a1", bd=0).pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=4)
        tk.Button(tb, text="🗑 削除", command=self._delete_task,
                  bg="#c62828", fg="white", relief=tk.FLAT,
                  font=("Arial", 10), padx=12, pady=4,
                  activebackground="#b71c1c", bd=0).pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=2)
        tk.Button(tb, text="▶ 選択を実行", command=self._run_selected,
                  bg="#2e7d32", fg="white", relief=tk.FLAT,
                  font=("Arial", 10, "bold"), padx=14, pady=4,
                  activebackground="#1b5e20", bd=0).pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=8)
        tk.Button(tb, text="▶▶ 全て実行", command=self._run_all,
                  bg="#f57c00", fg="white", relief=tk.FLAT,
                  font=("Arial", 10), padx=14, pady=4,
                  activebackground="#e65100", bd=0).pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=2)
        tk.Button(tb, text="⏹ 停止", command=lambda: setattr(self, "_running", False),
                  bg="#3c3c3c", fg="white", relief=tk.FLAT,
                  font=("Arial", 10), padx=12, pady=4,
                  activebackground="#505050", bd=0).pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=4)

        # タスクリスト
        task_f = tk.Frame(self.root, bg="#1e1e1e")
        task_f.pack(fill=tk.X, padx=8, pady=4)
        tk.Label(task_f, text="バックアップタスク", bg="#1e1e1e", fg="#888",
                 font=("Arial", 9)).pack(anchor="w")
        cols = ("enabled", "src", "dst", "mode", "last_run", "status")
        self.task_tree = ttk.Treeview(task_f, columns=cols,
                                       show="headings", height=6)
        for col, text, width in [
            ("enabled", "有効",     50),
            ("src",     "コピー元", 220),
            ("dst",     "コピー先", 220),
            ("mode",    "モード",   140),
            ("last_run","最終実行", 130),
            ("status",  "状態",      80),
        ]:
            self.task_tree.heading(col, text=text)
            self.task_tree.column(col, width=width, anchor="w")
        tsb = ttk.Scrollbar(task_f, command=self.task_tree.yview)
        self.task_tree.configure(yscrollcommand=tsb.set)
        tsb.pack(side=tk.RIGHT, fill=tk.Y)
        self.task_tree.pack(fill=tk.X)
        self.task_tree.tag_configure("done",  foreground="#26a69a")
        self.task_tree.tag_configure("error", foreground="#ef5350")

        # ログ
        tk.Label(self.root, text="ログ", bg="#1e1e1e", fg="#888",
                 font=("Arial", 8)).pack(anchor="w", padx=8, pady=(8, 0))
        log_f = tk.Frame(self.root, bg="#0d1117")
        log_f.pack(fill=tk.BOTH, expand=True, padx=8, pady=2)
        self.log_text = tk.Text(log_f, bg="#0d1117", fg="#8b949e",
                                 font=("Courier New", 8), relief=tk.FLAT,
                                 state=tk.DISABLED)
        lsb2 = ttk.Scrollbar(log_f, command=self.log_text.yview)
        self.log_text.configure(yscrollcommand=lsb2.set)
        lsb2.pack(side=tk.RIGHT, fill=tk.Y)
        self.log_text.pack(fill=tk.BOTH, expand=True)
        self.log_text.tag_configure("copy",  foreground="#4fc3f7")
        self.log_text.tag_configure("skip",  foreground="#555")
        self.log_text.tag_configure("error", foreground="#ef5350")
        self.log_text.tag_configure("info",  foreground="#8b949e")

        self.progress = ttk.Progressbar(self.root, mode="determinate")
        self.progress.pack(fill=tk.X, padx=8)
        self.status_var = tk.StringVar(value="バックアップタスクを追加してください")
        tk.Label(self.root, textvariable=self.status_var,
                 bg="#252526", fg="#858585", font=("Arial", 9),
                 anchor="w", padx=8).pack(fill=tk.X, side=tk.BOTTOM)

    def _log(self, msg, tag="info"):
        self.log_text.configure(state=tk.NORMAL)
        ts = datetime.now().strftime("%H:%M:%S")
        self.log_text.insert(tk.END, f"[{ts}] {msg}\n", tag)
        self.log_text.see(tk.END)
        self.log_text.configure(state=tk.DISABLED)

    def _add_task(self):
        dlg = tk.Toplevel(self.root)
        dlg.title("バックアップ追加")
        dlg.configure(bg="#252526")
        dlg.grab_set()

        src_var  = tk.StringVar()
        dst_var  = tk.StringVar()
        mode_var = tk.StringVar(value=self.COMPARE_MODES[0])
        en_var   = tk.BooleanVar(value=True)

        for label, var, is_dir in [("コピー元:", src_var, True),
                                    ("コピー先:", dst_var, True)]:
            row = tk.Frame(dlg, bg="#252526")
            row.pack(fill=tk.X, padx=12, pady=4)
            tk.Label(row, text=label, bg="#252526", fg="#ccc",
                     width=10, anchor="w").pack(side=tk.LEFT)
            ttk.Entry(row, textvariable=var, width=30).pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=4)
            ttk.Button(row, text="参照",
                       command=lambda v=var: v.set(
                           filedialog.askdirectory() or v.get())
                       ).pack(side=tk.LEFT)

        row = tk.Frame(dlg, bg="#252526")
        row.pack(fill=tk.X, padx=12, pady=4)
        tk.Label(row, text="モード:", bg="#252526", fg="#ccc",
                 width=10, anchor="w").pack(side=tk.LEFT)
        ttk.Combobox(row, textvariable=mode_var,
                     values=self.COMPARE_MODES,
                     state="readonly", width=20).pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=4)

        tk.Checkbutton(dlg, text="有効", variable=en_var,
                       bg="#252526", fg="#ccc", selectcolor="#3c3c3c",
                       activebackground="#252526").pack(padx=12, pady=2, anchor="w")

        def _ok():
            src = src_var.get().strip()
            dst = dst_var.get().strip()
            if not src or not dst:
                return
            task = {"src": src, "dst": dst, "mode": mode_var.get(),
                    "enabled": en_var.get(), "last_run": "", "status": "待機"}
            self._tasks.append(task)
            self.task_tree.insert(
                "", tk.END,
                values=("✔" if en_var.get() else "✘",
                         src, dst, mode_var.get(), "", "待機"))
            dlg.destroy()

        ttk.Button(dlg, text="追加", command=_ok).pack(pady=8)

    def _delete_task(self):
        sel = self.task_tree.selection()
        if not sel:
            return
        idx = self.task_tree.index(sel[0])
        if idx < len(self._tasks):
            del self._tasks[idx]
        self.task_tree.delete(sel[0])

    def _run_selected(self):
        sel = self.task_tree.selection()
        if not sel:
            messagebox.showinfo("情報", "タスクを選択してください")
            return
        idx  = self.task_tree.index(sel[0])
        iid  = sel[0]
        task = self._tasks[idx]
        threading.Thread(target=self._do_backup,
                          args=([task], [iid]),
                          daemon=True).start()

    def _run_all(self):
        enabled = [(t, iid) for t, iid in zip(
            self._tasks, self.task_tree.get_children()) if t["enabled"]]
        if not enabled:
            messagebox.showwarning("警告", "有効なタスクがありません")
            return
        tasks, iids = zip(*enabled)
        threading.Thread(target=self._do_backup,
                          args=(tasks, iids), daemon=True).start()

    def _do_backup(self, tasks, iids):
        self._running = True
        total_copied = total_skipped = total_errors = 0

        for task, iid in zip(tasks, iids):
            if not self._running:
                break
            src  = task["src"]
            dst  = task["dst"]
            mode = task["mode"]

            if not os.path.isdir(src):
                self.root.after(0, self._log,
                                 f"エラー: ソースが存在しません: {src}", "error")
                continue

            os.makedirs(dst, exist_ok=True)
            self.root.after(0, self._log,
                             f"開始: {src} → {dst}  [{mode}]", "info")

            # ファイル一覧収集
            all_files = []
            for dirpath, _, filenames in os.walk(src):
                for fn in filenames:
                    all_files.append(os.path.join(dirpath, fn))

            self.root.after(0, self.progress.configure,
                             {"maximum": len(all_files), "value": 0})

            copied = skipped = errors = 0
            for i, src_file in enumerate(all_files):
                if not self._running:
                    break
                rel    = os.path.relpath(src_file, src)
                dst_file = os.path.join(dst, rel)

                should_copy = False
                try:
                    if not os.path.exists(dst_file):
                        should_copy = True
                    elif mode == "全ファイル":
                        should_copy = True
                    elif mode == "新しいファイルのみ":
                        if os.path.getmtime(src_file) > os.path.getmtime(dst_file):
                            should_copy = True
                    elif mode == "変更されたファイル (mtime)":
                        if abs(os.path.getmtime(src_file) -
                               os.path.getmtime(dst_file)) > 1:
                            should_copy = True
                    elif mode == "md5差分":
                        should_copy = (self._md5(src_file) != self._md5(dst_file))

                    if should_copy:
                        os.makedirs(os.path.dirname(dst_file), exist_ok=True)
                        shutil.copy2(src_file, dst_file)
                        self.root.after(0, self._log, f"コピー: {rel}", "copy")
                        copied += 1
                    else:
                        skipped += 1
                except Exception as e:
                    self.root.after(0, self._log, f"エラー: {rel}: {e}", "error")
                    errors += 1

                self.root.after(0, self.progress.configure, {"value": i + 1})

            ts = datetime.now().strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")
            task["last_run"] = ts
            tag = "done" if errors == 0 else "error"
            self.root.after(0, self.task_tree.item, iid, {
                "values": ("✔" if task["enabled"] else "✘",
                            task["src"], task["dst"],
                            task["mode"], ts, f"✔{copied}コピー"),
                "tags": (tag,)})

            total_copied  += copied
            total_skipped += skipped
            total_errors  += errors
            self.root.after(0, self._log,
                             f"完了: コピー {copied} / スキップ {skipped} / エラー {errors}",
                             "info")

        self._running = False
        self.root.after(0, self.status_var.set,
                         f"全タスク完了: コピー {total_copied}  スキップ {total_skipped}  エラー {total_errors}")

    @staticmethod
    def _md5(path):
        h = hashlib.md5()
        with open(path, "rb") as f:
            for chunk in iter(lambda: f.read(65536), b""):
                h.update(chunk)
        return h.hexdigest()


if __name__ == "__main__":
    root = tk.Tk()
    app = App097(root)
    root.mainloop()

💡 ダークモードを追加する

bg色・fg色を辞書で管理し、ボタン1つでダークモード・ライトモードを切り替えられるようにしましょう。

💡 データの保存機能

処理結果をCSV・TXTファイルに保存する機能を追加しましょう。filedialog.asksaveasfilename()でファイル保存ダイアログが使えます。

💡 設定ダイアログ

フォントサイズや色などの設定をユーザーが変更できるオプションダイアログを追加しましょう。

❌ 日本語フォントが表示されない

原因：システムに日本語フォントが見つからない場合があります。

解決法：font引数を省略するかシステムに合ったフォントを指定してください。

❌ ライブラリのインポートエラー

原因：必要なライブラリがインストールされていません。

解決法：pip install コマンドで必要なライブラリをインストールしてください。

❌ ウィンドウサイズが合わない

原因：画面解像度や表示スケールによって異なる場合があります。

解決法：root.geometry()で適切なサイズに調整してください。