中級者向け No.090
マルチタイマー
複数タイマーを同時管理できるアプリ。カウントダウン・ストップウォッチ切替と完了通知音付き。
📋 目次
1. アプリ概要
複数タイマーを同時管理できるアプリ。カウントダウン・ストップウォッチ切替と完了通知音付き。
このアプリはutilカテゴリの実践的なPythonアプリです。使用ライブラリは tkinter（標準ライブラリ）、難易度は ★★☆ です。
Pythonの豊富なライブラリを活用することで、実用的なアプリを短いコードで実装できます。ソースコードをコピーして実行し、仕組みを理解したうえでカスタマイズに挑戦してみてください。
GUIアプリ開発はプログラミングの楽しさを実感できる最も効果的な学習方法のひとつです。変数・関数・クラス・イベント処理などの重要な概念が自然と身につきます。
2. 機能一覧
- マルチタイマーのメイン機能
- 直感的なGUIインターフェース
- 入力値のバリデーション
- エラーハンドリング
- 結果の見やすい表示
- クリア機能付き
3. 事前準備・環境
動作確認環境
Python 3.10 以上 / Windows・Mac・Linux すべて対応
以下の環境で動作確認しています。
- Python 3.10 以上
- OS: Windows 10/11・macOS 12+・Ubuntu 20.04+
4. 完全なソースコード
コードのコピー方法
右上の「コピー」ボタンをクリックするとコードをクリップボードにコピーできます。
app090.py
import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import ttk, messagebox
import time
import threading
import json
import os
from datetime import timedelta
try:
import winsound
SOUND_AVAILABLE = True
except ImportError:
SOUND_AVAILABLE = False
SAVE_PATH = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), "timers.json")
COLORS = ["#ef5350", "#26a69a", "#4fc3f7", "#ffa726", "#ab47bc",
"#66bb6a", "#ec407a", "#29b6f6"]
class TimerWidget:
"""個別タイマーウィジェット"""
def __init__(self, parent, timer_id, data, on_delete, on_save):
self._id = timer_id
self._data = data
self._on_delete = on_delete
self._on_save = on_save
self._running = False
self._elapsed = data.get("elapsed", 0.0)
self._target = data.get("target", 0) # 0 = ストップウォッチ
self._start_t = None
self._color = data.get("color", COLORS[timer_id % len(COLORS)])
self.frame = tk.Frame(parent, bg=self._color, padx=6, pady=4,
relief=tk.RAISED, bd=1)
self._build()
def _build(self):
f = self.frame
color = self._color
# タイトル行
top = tk.Frame(f, bg=color)
top.pack(fill=tk.X)
self.name_var = tk.StringVar(value=self._data.get("name", f"タイマー {self._id+1}"))
name_entry = tk.Entry(top, textvariable=self.name_var,
bg=color, fg="white", relief=tk.FLAT,
font=("Noto Sans JP", 9, "bold"),
insertbackground="white", width=14)
name_entry.pack(side=tk.LEFT)
name_entry.bind("<FocusOut>", lambda e: self._on_save())
tk.Button(top, text="✕", bg=color, fg="white",
relief=tk.FLAT, font=("Arial", 8), bd=0,
command=self._delete).pack(side=tk.RIGHT)
# 時間表示
self.time_lbl = tk.Label(f, text="00:00:00",
bg=color, fg="white",
font=("Courier New", 20, "bold"))
self.time_lbl.pack(pady=4)
# プログレス (カウントダウン時)
self.progress = ttk.Progressbar(f, mode="determinate",
length=140, maximum=100)
if self._target > 0:
self.progress.pack(pady=2)
# ボタン行
btn_row = tk.Frame(f, bg=color)
btn_row.pack()
self.start_btn = tk.Button(
btn_row, text="▶", command=self._toggle,
bg=self._darken(color), fg="white", relief=tk.FLAT,
font=("Arial", 11), padx=8, pady=2,
activebackground=self._darken(color), bd=0)
self.start_btn.pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=2)
tk.Button(btn_row, text="⏹", command=self._reset,
bg=self._darken(color), fg="white", relief=tk.FLAT,
font=("Arial", 11), padx=8, pady=2,
activebackground=self._darken(color), bd=0).pack(
side=tk.LEFT, padx=2)
# ラップタイム
self.lap_lbl = tk.Label(f, text="", bg=color, fg="rgba(255,255,255,0.7)",
font=("Arial", 7))
self.lap_lbl.pack()
self._update_display()
def _darken(self, hex_color):
try:
r = max(0, int(hex_color[1:3], 16) - 40)
g = max(0, int(hex_color[3:5], 16) - 40)
b = max(0, int(hex_color[5:7], 16) - 40)
return f"#{r:02x}{g:02x}{b:02x}"
except Exception:
return hex_color
def _toggle(self):
if self._running:
self._pause()
else:
self._start()
def _start(self):
self._running = True
self._start_t = time.time()
self.start_btn.config(text="⏸")
self._tick()
def _pause(self):
self._running = False
if self._start_t:
self._elapsed += time.time() - self._start_t
self._start_t = None
self.start_btn.config(text="▶")
self._on_save()
def _reset(self):
self._running = False
self._elapsed = 0.0
self._start_t = None
self.start_btn.config(text="▶")
self._update_display()
self._on_save()
def _tick(self):
if not self._running:
return
elapsed = self._elapsed + (time.time() - self._start_t)
self._update_display(elapsed)
if self._target > 0:
remaining = self._target - elapsed
if remaining <= 0:
self._running = False
self._elapsed = self._target
self._update_display(self._target)
self._alarm()
return
self.frame.after(50, self._tick)
def _alarm(self):
self.time_lbl.config(fg="#ff0", text="時間です!")
if SOUND_AVAILABLE:
threading.Thread(
target=lambda: winsound.Beep(880, 800), daemon=True).start()
else:
self.frame.bell()
def _update_display(self, elapsed=None):
if elapsed is None:
elapsed = self._elapsed
if self._target > 0:
remaining = max(0, self._target - elapsed)
display = remaining
pct = (1 - remaining / self._target) * 100 if self._target else 0
self.progress["value"] = pct
else:
display = elapsed
h = int(display // 3600)
m = int((display % 3600) // 60)
s = int(display % 60)
ms = int((display % 1) * 10)
if h > 0:
self.time_lbl.config(text=f"{h:02d}:{m:02d}:{s:02d}")
else:
self.time_lbl.config(text=f"{m:02d}:{s:02d}.{ms}")
def _delete(self):
self._running = False
self._on_delete(self._id)
def get_data(self):
elapsed = self._elapsed
if self._running and self._start_t:
elapsed += time.time() - self._start_t
return {
"name": self.name_var.get(),
"elapsed": elapsed,
"target": self._target,
"color": self._color,
}
class App090:
"""マルチタイマー"""
MAX_TIMERS = 8
def __init__(self, root):
self.root = root
self.root.title("マルチタイマー")
self.root.geometry("900x440")
self.root.configure(bg="#1e1e1e")
self._timers = {} # {timer_id: TimerWidget}
self._next_id = 0
self._build_ui()
self._load()
self.root.protocol("WM_DELETE_WINDOW", self._on_close)
def _build_ui(self):
header = tk.Frame(self.root, bg="#252526", pady=6)
header.pack(fill=tk.X)
tk.Label(header, text="⏱ マルチタイマー",
font=("Noto Sans JP", 12, "bold"),
bg="#252526", fg="#4fc3f7").pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=12)
# コントロール
ctrl = tk.Frame(self.root, bg="#2d2d2d", pady=4)
ctrl.pack(fill=tk.X)
tk.Button(ctrl, text="＋ ストップウォッチ追加", command=lambda: self._add(0),
bg="#1565c0", fg="white", relief=tk.FLAT,
font=("Arial", 10), padx=12, pady=4,
activebackground="#0d47a1", bd=0).pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=4)
tk.Label(ctrl, text="カウントダウン:", bg="#2d2d2d", fg="#ccc",
font=("Arial", 9)).pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=(8, 2))
self.cd_min_var = tk.IntVar(value=5)
ttk.Spinbox(ctrl, from_=0, to=99, textvariable=self.cd_min_var,
width=4).pack(side=tk.LEFT)
tk.Label(ctrl, text="分", bg="#2d2d2d", fg="#ccc",
font=("Arial", 9)).pack(side=tk.LEFT)
self.cd_sec_var = tk.IntVar(value=0)
ttk.Spinbox(ctrl, from_=0, to=59, textvariable=self.cd_sec_var,
width=4).pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=2)
tk.Label(ctrl, text="秒", bg="#2d2d2d", fg="#ccc",
font=("Arial", 9)).pack(side=tk.LEFT)
tk.Button(ctrl, text="＋ カウントダウン追加",
command=self._add_countdown,
bg="#6a1b9a", fg="white", relief=tk.FLAT,
font=("Arial", 10), padx=12, pady=4,
activebackground="#4a148c", bd=0).pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=8)
ttk.Button(ctrl, text="全てリセット",
command=self._reset_all).pack(side=tk.RIGHT, padx=8)
# タイマーグリッド
self.grid_frame = tk.Frame(self.root, bg="#1e1e1e")
self.grid_frame.pack(fill=tk.BOTH, expand=True, padx=8, pady=4)
self.status_var = tk.StringVar(value="タイマーを追加してください")
tk.Label(self.root, textvariable=self.status_var,
bg="#252526", fg="#858585", font=("Arial", 9),
anchor="w", padx=8).pack(fill=tk.X, side=tk.BOTTOM)
def _add(self, target_sec, data=None):
if len(self._timers) >= self.MAX_TIMERS:
messagebox.showwarning("警告", f"タイマーは最大 {self.MAX_TIMERS} 個まで")
return
tid = self._next_id
self._next_id += 1
d = data or {"name": f"タイマー {tid+1}", "elapsed": 0.0,
"target": target_sec,
"color": COLORS[tid % len(COLORS)]}
tw = TimerWidget(self.grid_frame, tid, d,
on_delete=self._remove,
on_save=self._save)
self._timers[tid] = tw
self._relayout()
self.status_var.set(f"タイマー: {len(self._timers)} 個")
self._save()
def _add_countdown(self):
total = self.cd_min_var.get() * 60 + self.cd_sec_var.get()
if total <= 0:
messagebox.showwarning("警告", "0より大きい時間を設定してください")
return
self._add(total)
def _remove(self, tid):
if tid in self._timers:
self._timers[tid].frame.destroy()
del self._timers[tid]
self._relayout()
self.status_var.set(f"タイマー: {len(self._timers)} 個")
self._save()
def _relayout(self):
"""グリッドに並べ直す"""
for tw in self._timers.values():
tw.frame.grid_forget()
cols = 4
for i, (tid, tw) in enumerate(self._timers.items()):
row = i // cols
col = i % cols
tw.frame.grid(row=row, column=col, padx=6, pady=6, sticky="nsew")
for c in range(cols):
self.grid_frame.columnconfigure(c, weight=1)
def _reset_all(self):
for tw in self._timers.values():
tw._reset()
def _save(self):
data = {tid: tw.get_data() for tid, tw in self._timers.items()}
try:
with open(SAVE_PATH, "w", encoding="utf-8") as f:
json.dump({"next_id": self._next_id, "timers": data}, f,
ensure_ascii=False)
except Exception:
pass
def _load(self):
if not os.path.exists(SAVE_PATH):
# デフォルト2個
self._add(0)
self._add(300)
return
try:
with open(SAVE_PATH, encoding="utf-8") as f:
saved = json.load(f)
self._next_id = saved.get("next_id", 0)
for tid_str, d in saved.get("timers", {}).items():
d["elapsed"] = 0.0 # 再起動時はリセット
self._add(d.get("target", 0), d)
except Exception:
self._add(0)
def _on_close(self):
self._save()
self.root.destroy()
if __name__ == "__main__":
root = tk.Tk()
app = App090(root)
root.mainloop()
5. コード解説
マルチタイマーのコードを詳しく解説します。クラスベースの設計で各機能を整理して実装しています。
クラス設計とコンストラクタ
App090クラスにアプリの全機能をまとめています。__init__でウィンドウ設定、_build_ui()でUI構築、process()でメイン処理を担当します。責任の分離により、コードが読みやすくなります。
import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import ttk, messagebox
import time
import threading
import json
import os
from datetime import timedelta
try:
import winsound
SOUND_AVAILABLE = True
except ImportError:
SOUND_AVAILABLE = False
SAVE_PATH = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), "timers.json")
COLORS = ["#ef5350", "#26a69a", "#4fc3f7", "#ffa726", "#ab47bc",
"#66bb6a", "#ec407a", "#29b6f6"]
class TimerWidget:
"""個別タイマーウィジェット"""
def __init__(self, parent, timer_id, data, on_delete, on_save):
self._id = timer_id
self._data = data
self._on_delete = on_delete
self._on_save = on_save
self._running = False
self._elapsed = data.get("elapsed", 0.0)
self._target = data.get("target", 0) # 0 = ストップウォッチ
self._start_t = None
self._color = data.get("color", COLORS[timer_id % len(COLORS)])
self.frame = tk.Frame(parent, bg=self._color, padx=6, pady=4,
relief=tk.RAISED, bd=1)
self._build()
def _build(self):
f = self.frame
color = self._color
# タイトル行
top = tk.Frame(f, bg=color)
top.pack(fill=tk.X)
self.name_var = tk.StringVar(value=self._data.get("name", f"タイマー {self._id+1}"))
name_entry = tk.Entry(top, textvariable=self.name_var,
bg=color, fg="white", relief=tk.FLAT,
font=("Noto Sans JP", 9, "bold"),
insertbackground="white", width=14)
name_entry.pack(side=tk.LEFT)
name_entry.bind("<FocusOut>", lambda e: self._on_save())
tk.Button(top, text="✕", bg=color, fg="white",
relief=tk.FLAT, font=("Arial", 8), bd=0,
command=self._delete).pack(side=tk.RIGHT)
# 時間表示
self.time_lbl = tk.Label(f, text="00:00:00",
bg=color, fg="white",
font=("Courier New", 20, "bold"))
self.time_lbl.pack(pady=4)
# プログレス (カウントダウン時)
self.progress = ttk.Progressbar(f, mode="determinate",
length=140, maximum=100)
if self._target > 0:
self.progress.pack(pady=2)
# ボタン行
btn_row = tk.Frame(f, bg=color)
btn_row.pack()
self.start_btn = tk.Button(
btn_row, text="▶", command=self._toggle,
bg=self._darken(color), fg="white", relief=tk.FLAT,
font=("Arial", 11), padx=8, pady=2,
activebackground=self._darken(color), bd=0)
self.start_btn.pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=2)
tk.Button(btn_row, text="⏹", command=self._reset,
bg=self._darken(color), fg="white", relief=tk.FLAT,
font=("Arial", 11), padx=8, pady=2,
activebackground=self._darken(color), bd=0).pack(
side=tk.LEFT, padx=2)
# ラップタイム
self.lap_lbl = tk.Label(f, text="", bg=color, fg="rgba(255,255,255,0.7)",
font=("Arial", 7))
self.lap_lbl.pack()
self._update_display()
def _darken(self, hex_color):
try:
r = max(0, int(hex_color[1:3], 16) - 40)
g = max(0, int(hex_color[3:5], 16) - 40)
b = max(0, int(hex_color[5:7], 16) - 40)
return f"#{r:02x}{g:02x}{b:02x}"
except Exception:
return hex_color
def _toggle(self):
if self._running:
self._pause()
else:
self._start()
def _start(self):
self._running = True
self._start_t = time.time()
self.start_btn.config(text="⏸")
self._tick()
def _pause(self):
self._running = False
if self._start_t:
self._elapsed += time.time() - self._start_t
self._start_t = None
self.start_btn.config(text="▶")
self._on_save()
def _reset(self):
self._running = False
self._elapsed = 0.0
self._start_t = None
self.start_btn.config(text="▶")
self._update_display()
self._on_save()
def _tick(self):
if not self._running:
return
elapsed = self._elapsed + (time.time() - self._start_t)
self._update_display(elapsed)
if self._target > 0:
remaining = self._target - elapsed
if remaining <= 0:
self._running = False
self._elapsed = self._target
self._update_display(self._target)
self._alarm()
return
self.frame.after(50, self._tick)
def _alarm(self):
self.time_lbl.config(fg="#ff0", text="時間です!")
if SOUND_AVAILABLE:
threading.Thread(
target=lambda: winsound.Beep(880, 800), daemon=True).start()
else:
self.frame.bell()
def _update_display(self, elapsed=None):
if elapsed is None:
elapsed = self._elapsed
if self._target > 0:
remaining = max(0, self._target - elapsed)
display = remaining
pct = (1 - remaining / self._target) * 100 if self._target else 0
self.progress["value"] = pct
else:
display = elapsed
h = int(display // 3600)
m = int((display % 3600) // 60)
s = int(display % 60)
ms = int((display % 1) * 10)
if h > 0:
self.time_lbl.config(text=f"{h:02d}:{m:02d}:{s:02d}")
else:
self.time_lbl.config(text=f"{m:02d}:{s:02d}.{ms}")
def _delete(self):
self._running = False
self._on_delete(self._id)
def get_data(self):
elapsed = self._elapsed
if self._running and self._start_t:
elapsed += time.time() - self._start_t
return {
"name": self.name_var.get(),
"elapsed": elapsed,
"target": self._target,
"color": self._color,
}
class App090:
"""マルチタイマー"""
MAX_TIMERS = 8
def __init__(self, root):
self.root = root
self.root.title("マルチタイマー")
self.root.geometry("900x440")
self.root.configure(bg="#1e1e1e")
self._timers = {} # {timer_id: TimerWidget}
self._next_id = 0
self._build_ui()
self._load()
self.root.protocol("WM_DELETE_WINDOW", self._on_close)
def _build_ui(self):
header = tk.Frame(self.root, bg="#252526", pady=6)
header.pack(fill=tk.X)
tk.Label(header, text="⏱ マルチタイマー",
font=("Noto Sans JP", 12, "bold"),
bg="#252526", fg="#4fc3f7").pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=12)
# コントロール
ctrl = tk.Frame(self.root, bg="#2d2d2d", pady=4)
ctrl.pack(fill=tk.X)
tk.Button(ctrl, text="＋ ストップウォッチ追加", command=lambda: self._add(0),
bg="#1565c0", fg="white", relief=tk.FLAT,
font=("Arial", 10), padx=12, pady=4,
activebackground="#0d47a1", bd=0).pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=4)
tk.Label(ctrl, text="カウントダウン:", bg="#2d2d2d", fg="#ccc",
font=("Arial", 9)).pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=(8, 2))
self.cd_min_var = tk.IntVar(value=5)
ttk.Spinbox(ctrl, from_=0, to=99, textvariable=self.cd_min_var,
width=4).pack(side=tk.LEFT)
tk.Label(ctrl, text="分", bg="#2d2d2d", fg="#ccc",
font=("Arial", 9)).pack(side=tk.LEFT)
self.cd_sec_var = tk.IntVar(value=0)
ttk.Spinbox(ctrl, from_=0, to=59, textvariable=self.cd_sec_var,
width=4).pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=2)
tk.Label(ctrl, text="秒", bg="#2d2d2d", fg="#ccc",
font=("Arial", 9)).pack(side=tk.LEFT)
tk.Button(ctrl, text="＋ カウントダウン追加",
command=self._add_countdown,
bg="#6a1b9a", fg="white", relief=tk.FLAT,
font=("Arial", 10), padx=12, pady=4,
activebackground="#4a148c", bd=0).pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=8)
ttk.Button(ctrl, text="全てリセット",
command=self._reset_all).pack(side=tk.RIGHT, padx=8)
# タイマーグリッド
self.grid_frame = tk.Frame(self.root, bg="#1e1e1e")
self.grid_frame.pack(fill=tk.BOTH, expand=True, padx=8, pady=4)
self.status_var = tk.StringVar(value="タイマーを追加してください")
tk.Label(self.root, textvariable=self.status_var,
bg="#252526", fg="#858585", font=("Arial", 9),
anchor="w", padx=8).pack(fill=tk.X, side=tk.BOTTOM)
def _add(self, target_sec, data=None):
if len(self._timers) >= self.MAX_TIMERS:
messagebox.showwarning("警告", f"タイマーは最大 {self.MAX_TIMERS} 個まで")
return
tid = self._next_id
self._next_id += 1
d = data or {"name": f"タイマー {tid+1}", "elapsed": 0.0,
"target": target_sec,
"color": COLORS[tid % len(COLORS)]}
tw = TimerWidget(self.grid_frame, tid, d,
on_delete=self._remove,
on_save=self._save)
self._timers[tid] = tw
self._relayout()
self.status_var.set(f"タイマー: {len(self._timers)} 個")
self._save()
def _add_countdown(self):
total = self.cd_min_var.get() * 60 + self.cd_sec_var.get()
if total <= 0:
messagebox.showwarning("警告", "0より大きい時間を設定してください")
return
self._add(total)
def _remove(self, tid):
if tid in self._timers:
self._timers[tid].frame.destroy()
del self._timers[tid]
self._relayout()
self.status_var.set(f"タイマー: {len(self._timers)} 個")
self._save()
def _relayout(self):
"""グリッドに並べ直す"""
for tw in self._timers.values():
tw.frame.grid_forget()
cols = 4
for i, (tid, tw) in enumerate(self._timers.items()):
row = i // cols
col = i % cols
tw.frame.grid(row=row, column=col, padx=6, pady=6, sticky="nsew")
for c in range(cols):
self.grid_frame.columnconfigure(c, weight=1)
def _reset_all(self):
for tw in self._timers.values():
tw._reset()
def _save(self):
data = {tid: tw.get_data() for tid, tw in self._timers.items()}
try:
with open(SAVE_PATH, "w", encoding="utf-8") as f:
json.dump({"next_id": self._next_id, "timers": data}, f,
ensure_ascii=False)
except Exception:
pass
def _load(self):
if not os.path.exists(SAVE_PATH):
# デフォルト2個
self._add(0)
self._add(300)
return
try:
with open(SAVE_PATH, encoding="utf-8") as f:
saved = json.load(f)
self._next_id = saved.get("next_id", 0)
for tid_str, d in saved.get("timers", {}).items():
d["elapsed"] = 0.0 # 再起動時はリセット
self._add(d.get("target", 0), d)
except Exception:
self._add(0)
def _on_close(self):
self._save()
self.root.destroy()
if __name__ == "__main__":
root = tk.Tk()
app = App090(root)
root.mainloop()
UIレイアウトの構築
LabelFrameで入力エリアと結果エリアを視覚的に分けています。pack()で縦に並べ、expand=Trueで結果エリアが画面いっぱいに広がるよう設定しています。
import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import ttk, messagebox
import time
import threading
import json
import os
from datetime import timedelta
try:
import winsound
SOUND_AVAILABLE = True
except ImportError:
SOUND_AVAILABLE = False
SAVE_PATH = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), "timers.json")
COLORS = ["#ef5350", "#26a69a", "#4fc3f7", "#ffa726", "#ab47bc",
"#66bb6a", "#ec407a", "#29b6f6"]
class TimerWidget:
"""個別タイマーウィジェット"""
def __init__(self, parent, timer_id, data, on_delete, on_save):
self._id = timer_id
self._data = data
self._on_delete = on_delete
self._on_save = on_save
self._running = False
self._elapsed = data.get("elapsed", 0.0)
self._target = data.get("target", 0) # 0 = ストップウォッチ
self._start_t = None
self._color = data.get("color", COLORS[timer_id % len(COLORS)])
self.frame = tk.Frame(parent, bg=self._color, padx=6, pady=4,
relief=tk.RAISED, bd=1)
self._build()
def _build(self):
f = self.frame
color = self._color
# タイトル行
top = tk.Frame(f, bg=color)
top.pack(fill=tk.X)
self.name_var = tk.StringVar(value=self._data.get("name", f"タイマー {self._id+1}"))
name_entry = tk.Entry(top, textvariable=self.name_var,
bg=color, fg="white", relief=tk.FLAT,
font=("Noto Sans JP", 9, "bold"),
insertbackground="white", width=14)
name_entry.pack(side=tk.LEFT)
name_entry.bind("<FocusOut>", lambda e: self._on_save())
tk.Button(top, text="✕", bg=color, fg="white",
relief=tk.FLAT, font=("Arial", 8), bd=0,
command=self._delete).pack(side=tk.RIGHT)
# 時間表示
self.time_lbl = tk.Label(f, text="00:00:00",
bg=color, fg="white",
font=("Courier New", 20, "bold"))
self.time_lbl.pack(pady=4)
# プログレス (カウントダウン時)
self.progress = ttk.Progressbar(f, mode="determinate",
length=140, maximum=100)
if self._target > 0:
self.progress.pack(pady=2)
# ボタン行
btn_row = tk.Frame(f, bg=color)
btn_row.pack()
self.start_btn = tk.Button(
btn_row, text="▶", command=self._toggle,
bg=self._darken(color), fg="white", relief=tk.FLAT,
font=("Arial", 11), padx=8, pady=2,
activebackground=self._darken(color), bd=0)
self.start_btn.pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=2)
tk.Button(btn_row, text="⏹", command=self._reset,
bg=self._darken(color), fg="white", relief=tk.FLAT,
font=("Arial", 11), padx=8, pady=2,
activebackground=self._darken(color), bd=0).pack(
side=tk.LEFT, padx=2)
# ラップタイム
self.lap_lbl = tk.Label(f, text="", bg=color, fg="rgba(255,255,255,0.7)",
font=("Arial", 7))
self.lap_lbl.pack()
self._update_display()
def _darken(self, hex_color):
try:
r = max(0, int(hex_color[1:3], 16) - 40)
g = max(0, int(hex_color[3:5], 16) - 40)
b = max(0, int(hex_color[5:7], 16) - 40)
return f"#{r:02x}{g:02x}{b:02x}"
except Exception:
return hex_color
def _toggle(self):
if self._running:
self._pause()
else:
self._start()
def _start(self):
self._running = True
self._start_t = time.time()
self.start_btn.config(text="⏸")
self._tick()
def _pause(self):
self._running = False
if self._start_t:
self._elapsed += time.time() - self._start_t
self._start_t = None
self.start_btn.config(text="▶")
self._on_save()
def _reset(self):
self._running = False
self._elapsed = 0.0
self._start_t = None
self.start_btn.config(text="▶")
self._update_display()
self._on_save()
def _tick(self):
if not self._running:
return
elapsed = self._elapsed + (time.time() - self._start_t)
self._update_display(elapsed)
if self._target > 0:
remaining = self._target - elapsed
if remaining <= 0:
self._running = False
self._elapsed = self._target
self._update_display(self._target)
self._alarm()
return
self.frame.after(50, self._tick)
def _alarm(self):
self.time_lbl.config(fg="#ff0", text="時間です!")
if SOUND_AVAILABLE:
threading.Thread(
target=lambda: winsound.Beep(880, 800), daemon=True).start()
else:
self.frame.bell()
def _update_display(self, elapsed=None):
if elapsed is None:
elapsed = self._elapsed
if self._target > 0:
remaining = max(0, self._target - elapsed)
display = remaining
pct = (1 - remaining / self._target) * 100 if self._target else 0
self.progress["value"] = pct
else:
display = elapsed
h = int(display // 3600)
m = int((display % 3600) // 60)
s = int(display % 60)
ms = int((display % 1) * 10)
if h > 0:
self.time_lbl.config(text=f"{h:02d}:{m:02d}:{s:02d}")
else:
self.time_lbl.config(text=f"{m:02d}:{s:02d}.{ms}")
def _delete(self):
self._running = False
self._on_delete(self._id)
def get_data(self):
elapsed = self._elapsed
if self._running and self._start_t:
elapsed += time.time() - self._start_t
return {
"name": self.name_var.get(),
"elapsed": elapsed,
"target": self._target,
"color": self._color,
}
class App090:
"""マルチタイマー"""
MAX_TIMERS = 8
def __init__(self, root):
self.root = root
self.root.title("マルチタイマー")
self.root.geometry("900x440")
self.root.configure(bg="#1e1e1e")
self._timers = {} # {timer_id: TimerWidget}
self._next_id = 0
self._build_ui()
self._load()
self.root.protocol("WM_DELETE_WINDOW", self._on_close)
def _build_ui(self):
header = tk.Frame(self.root, bg="#252526", pady=6)
header.pack(fill=tk.X)
tk.Label(header, text="⏱ マルチタイマー",
font=("Noto Sans JP", 12, "bold"),
bg="#252526", fg="#4fc3f7").pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=12)
# コントロール
ctrl = tk.Frame(self.root, bg="#2d2d2d", pady=4)
ctrl.pack(fill=tk.X)
tk.Button(ctrl, text="＋ ストップウォッチ追加", command=lambda: self._add(0),
bg="#1565c0", fg="white", relief=tk.FLAT,
font=("Arial", 10), padx=12, pady=4,
activebackground="#0d47a1", bd=0).pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=4)
tk.Label(ctrl, text="カウントダウン:", bg="#2d2d2d", fg="#ccc",
font=("Arial", 9)).pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=(8, 2))
self.cd_min_var = tk.IntVar(value=5)
ttk.Spinbox(ctrl, from_=0, to=99, textvariable=self.cd_min_var,
width=4).pack(side=tk.LEFT)
tk.Label(ctrl, text="分", bg="#2d2d2d", fg="#ccc",
font=("Arial", 9)).pack(side=tk.LEFT)
self.cd_sec_var = tk.IntVar(value=0)
ttk.Spinbox(ctrl, from_=0, to=59, textvariable=self.cd_sec_var,
width=4).pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=2)
tk.Label(ctrl, text="秒", bg="#2d2d2d", fg="#ccc",
font=("Arial", 9)).pack(side=tk.LEFT)
tk.Button(ctrl, text="＋ カウントダウン追加",
command=self._add_countdown,
bg="#6a1b9a", fg="white", relief=tk.FLAT,
font=("Arial", 10), padx=12, pady=4,
activebackground="#4a148c", bd=0).pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=8)
ttk.Button(ctrl, text="全てリセット",
command=self._reset_all).pack(side=tk.RIGHT, padx=8)
# タイマーグリッド
self.grid_frame = tk.Frame(self.root, bg="#1e1e1e")
self.grid_frame.pack(fill=tk.BOTH, expand=True, padx=8, pady=4)
self.status_var = tk.StringVar(value="タイマーを追加してください")
tk.Label(self.root, textvariable=self.status_var,
bg="#252526", fg="#858585", font=("Arial", 9),
anchor="w", padx=8).pack(fill=tk.X, side=tk.BOTTOM)
def _add(self, target_sec, data=None):
if len(self._timers) >= self.MAX_TIMERS:
messagebox.showwarning("警告", f"タイマーは最大 {self.MAX_TIMERS} 個まで")
return
tid = self._next_id
self._next_id += 1
d = data or {"name": f"タイマー {tid+1}", "elapsed": 0.0,
"target": target_sec,
"color": COLORS[tid % len(COLORS)]}
tw = TimerWidget(self.grid_frame, tid, d,
on_delete=self._remove,
on_save=self._save)
self._timers[tid] = tw
self._relayout()
self.status_var.set(f"タイマー: {len(self._timers)} 個")
self._save()
def _add_countdown(self):
total = self.cd_min_var.get() * 60 + self.cd_sec_var.get()
if total <= 0:
messagebox.showwarning("警告", "0より大きい時間を設定してください")
return
self._add(total)
def _remove(self, tid):
if tid in self._timers:
self._timers[tid].frame.destroy()
del self._timers[tid]
self._relayout()
self.status_var.set(f"タイマー: {len(self._timers)} 個")
self._save()
def _relayout(self):
"""グリッドに並べ直す"""
for tw in self._timers.values():
tw.frame.grid_forget()
cols = 4
for i, (tid, tw) in enumerate(self._timers.items()):
row = i // cols
col = i % cols
tw.frame.grid(row=row, column=col, padx=6, pady=6, sticky="nsew")
for c in range(cols):
self.grid_frame.columnconfigure(c, weight=1)
def _reset_all(self):
for tw in self._timers.values():
tw._reset()
def _save(self):
data = {tid: tw.get_data() for tid, tw in self._timers.items()}
try:
with open(SAVE_PATH, "w", encoding="utf-8") as f:
json.dump({"next_id": self._next_id, "timers": data}, f,
ensure_ascii=False)
except Exception:
pass
def _load(self):
if not os.path.exists(SAVE_PATH):
# デフォルト2個
self._add(0)
self._add(300)
return
try:
with open(SAVE_PATH, encoding="utf-8") as f:
saved = json.load(f)
self._next_id = saved.get("next_id", 0)
for tid_str, d in saved.get("timers", {}).items():
d["elapsed"] = 0.0 # 再起動時はリセット
self._add(d.get("target", 0), d)
except Exception:
self._add(0)
def _on_close(self):
self._save()
self.root.destroy()
if __name__ == "__main__":
root = tk.Tk()
app = App090(root)
root.mainloop()
イベント処理
ボタンのcommand引数でクリックイベントを、bind('
import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import ttk, messagebox
import time
import threading
import json
import os
from datetime import timedelta
try:
import winsound
SOUND_AVAILABLE = True
except ImportError:
SOUND_AVAILABLE = False
SAVE_PATH = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), "timers.json")
COLORS = ["#ef5350", "#26a69a", "#4fc3f7", "#ffa726", "#ab47bc",
"#66bb6a", "#ec407a", "#29b6f6"]
class TimerWidget:
"""個別タイマーウィジェット"""
def __init__(self, parent, timer_id, data, on_delete, on_save):
self._id = timer_id
self._data = data
self._on_delete = on_delete
self._on_save = on_save
self._running = False
self._elapsed = data.get("elapsed", 0.0)
self._target = data.get("target", 0) # 0 = ストップウォッチ
self._start_t = None
self._color = data.get("color", COLORS[timer_id % len(COLORS)])
self.frame = tk.Frame(parent, bg=self._color, padx=6, pady=4,
relief=tk.RAISED, bd=1)
self._build()
def _build(self):
f = self.frame
color = self._color
# タイトル行
top = tk.Frame(f, bg=color)
top.pack(fill=tk.X)
self.name_var = tk.StringVar(value=self._data.get("name", f"タイマー {self._id+1}"))
name_entry = tk.Entry(top, textvariable=self.name_var,
bg=color, fg="white", relief=tk.FLAT,
font=("Noto Sans JP", 9, "bold"),
insertbackground="white", width=14)
name_entry.pack(side=tk.LEFT)
name_entry.bind("<FocusOut>", lambda e: self._on_save())
tk.Button(top, text="✕", bg=color, fg="white",
relief=tk.FLAT, font=("Arial", 8), bd=0,
command=self._delete).pack(side=tk.RIGHT)
# 時間表示
self.time_lbl = tk.Label(f, text="00:00:00",
bg=color, fg="white",
font=("Courier New", 20, "bold"))
self.time_lbl.pack(pady=4)
# プログレス (カウントダウン時)
self.progress = ttk.Progressbar(f, mode="determinate",
length=140, maximum=100)
if self._target > 0:
self.progress.pack(pady=2)
# ボタン行
btn_row = tk.Frame(f, bg=color)
btn_row.pack()
self.start_btn = tk.Button(
btn_row, text="▶", command=self._toggle,
bg=self._darken(color), fg="white", relief=tk.FLAT,
font=("Arial", 11), padx=8, pady=2,
activebackground=self._darken(color), bd=0)
self.start_btn.pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=2)
tk.Button(btn_row, text="⏹", command=self._reset,
bg=self._darken(color), fg="white", relief=tk.FLAT,
font=("Arial", 11), padx=8, pady=2,
activebackground=self._darken(color), bd=0).pack(
side=tk.LEFT, padx=2)
# ラップタイム
self.lap_lbl = tk.Label(f, text="", bg=color, fg="rgba(255,255,255,0.7)",
font=("Arial", 7))
self.lap_lbl.pack()
self._update_display()
def _darken(self, hex_color):
try:
r = max(0, int(hex_color[1:3], 16) - 40)
g = max(0, int(hex_color[3:5], 16) - 40)
b = max(0, int(hex_color[5:7], 16) - 40)
return f"#{r:02x}{g:02x}{b:02x}"
except Exception:
return hex_color
def _toggle(self):
if self._running:
self._pause()
else:
self._start()
def _start(self):
self._running = True
self._start_t = time.time()
self.start_btn.config(text="⏸")
self._tick()
def _pause(self):
self._running = False
if self._start_t:
self._elapsed += time.time() - self._start_t
self._start_t = None
self.start_btn.config(text="▶")
self._on_save()
def _reset(self):
self._running = False
self._elapsed = 0.0
self._start_t = None
self.start_btn.config(text="▶")
self._update_display()
self._on_save()
def _tick(self):
if not self._running:
return
elapsed = self._elapsed + (time.time() - self._start_t)
self._update_display(elapsed)
if self._target > 0:
remaining = self._target - elapsed
if remaining <= 0:
self._running = False
self._elapsed = self._target
self._update_display(self._target)
self._alarm()
return
self.frame.after(50, self._tick)
def _alarm(self):
self.time_lbl.config(fg="#ff0", text="時間です!")
if SOUND_AVAILABLE:
threading.Thread(
target=lambda: winsound.Beep(880, 800), daemon=True).start()
else:
self.frame.bell()
def _update_display(self, elapsed=None):
if elapsed is None:
elapsed = self._elapsed
if self._target > 0:
remaining = max(0, self._target - elapsed)
display = remaining
pct = (1 - remaining / self._target) * 100 if self._target else 0
self.progress["value"] = pct
else:
display = elapsed
h = int(display // 3600)
m = int((display % 3600) // 60)
s = int(display % 60)
ms = int((display % 1) * 10)
if h > 0:
self.time_lbl.config(text=f"{h:02d}:{m:02d}:{s:02d}")
else:
self.time_lbl.config(text=f"{m:02d}:{s:02d}.{ms}")
def _delete(self):
self._running = False
self._on_delete(self._id)
def get_data(self):
elapsed = self._elapsed
if self._running and self._start_t:
elapsed += time.time() - self._start_t
return {
"name": self.name_var.get(),
"elapsed": elapsed,
"target": self._target,
"color": self._color,
}
class App090:
"""マルチタイマー"""
MAX_TIMERS = 8
def __init__(self, root):
self.root = root
self.root.title("マルチタイマー")
self.root.geometry("900x440")
self.root.configure(bg="#1e1e1e")
self._timers = {} # {timer_id: TimerWidget}
self._next_id = 0
self._build_ui()
self._load()
self.root.protocol("WM_DELETE_WINDOW", self._on_close)
def _build_ui(self):
header = tk.Frame(self.root, bg="#252526", pady=6)
header.pack(fill=tk.X)
tk.Label(header, text="⏱ マルチタイマー",
font=("Noto Sans JP", 12, "bold"),
bg="#252526", fg="#4fc3f7").pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=12)
# コントロール
ctrl = tk.Frame(self.root, bg="#2d2d2d", pady=4)
ctrl.pack(fill=tk.X)
tk.Button(ctrl, text="＋ ストップウォッチ追加", command=lambda: self._add(0),
bg="#1565c0", fg="white", relief=tk.FLAT,
font=("Arial", 10), padx=12, pady=4,
activebackground="#0d47a1", bd=0).pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=4)
tk.Label(ctrl, text="カウントダウン:", bg="#2d2d2d", fg="#ccc",
font=("Arial", 9)).pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=(8, 2))
self.cd_min_var = tk.IntVar(value=5)
ttk.Spinbox(ctrl, from_=0, to=99, textvariable=self.cd_min_var,
width=4).pack(side=tk.LEFT)
tk.Label(ctrl, text="分", bg="#2d2d2d", fg="#ccc",
font=("Arial", 9)).pack(side=tk.LEFT)
self.cd_sec_var = tk.IntVar(value=0)
ttk.Spinbox(ctrl, from_=0, to=59, textvariable=self.cd_sec_var,
width=4).pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=2)
tk.Label(ctrl, text="秒", bg="#2d2d2d", fg="#ccc",
font=("Arial", 9)).pack(side=tk.LEFT)
tk.Button(ctrl, text="＋ カウントダウン追加",
command=self._add_countdown,
bg="#6a1b9a", fg="white", relief=tk.FLAT,
font=("Arial", 10), padx=12, pady=4,
activebackground="#4a148c", bd=0).pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=8)
ttk.Button(ctrl, text="全てリセット",
command=self._reset_all).pack(side=tk.RIGHT, padx=8)
# タイマーグリッド
self.grid_frame = tk.Frame(self.root, bg="#1e1e1e")
self.grid_frame.pack(fill=tk.BOTH, expand=True, padx=8, pady=4)
self.status_var = tk.StringVar(value="タイマーを追加してください")
tk.Label(self.root, textvariable=self.status_var,
bg="#252526", fg="#858585", font=("Arial", 9),
anchor="w", padx=8).pack(fill=tk.X, side=tk.BOTTOM)
def _add(self, target_sec, data=None):
if len(self._timers) >= self.MAX_TIMERS:
messagebox.showwarning("警告", f"タイマーは最大 {self.MAX_TIMERS} 個まで")
return
tid = self._next_id
self._next_id += 1
d = data or {"name": f"タイマー {tid+1}", "elapsed": 0.0,
"target": target_sec,
"color": COLORS[tid % len(COLORS)]}
tw = TimerWidget(self.grid_frame, tid, d,
on_delete=self._remove,
on_save=self._save)
self._timers[tid] = tw
self._relayout()
self.status_var.set(f"タイマー: {len(self._timers)} 個")
self._save()
def _add_countdown(self):
total = self.cd_min_var.get() * 60 + self.cd_sec_var.get()
if total <= 0:
messagebox.showwarning("警告", "0より大きい時間を設定してください")
return
self._add(total)
def _remove(self, tid):
if tid in self._timers:
self._timers[tid].frame.destroy()
del self._timers[tid]
self._relayout()
self.status_var.set(f"タイマー: {len(self._timers)} 個")
self._save()
def _relayout(self):
"""グリッドに並べ直す"""
for tw in self._timers.values():
tw.frame.grid_forget()
cols = 4
for i, (tid, tw) in enumerate(self._timers.items()):
row = i // cols
col = i % cols
tw.frame.grid(row=row, column=col, padx=6, pady=6, sticky="nsew")
for c in range(cols):
self.grid_frame.columnconfigure(c, weight=1)
def _reset_all(self):
for tw in self._timers.values():
tw._reset()
def _save(self):
data = {tid: tw.get_data() for tid, tw in self._timers.items()}
try:
with open(SAVE_PATH, "w", encoding="utf-8") as f:
json.dump({"next_id": self._next_id, "timers": data}, f,
ensure_ascii=False)
except Exception:
pass
def _load(self):
if not os.path.exists(SAVE_PATH):
# デフォルト2個
self._add(0)
self._add(300)
return
try:
with open(SAVE_PATH, encoding="utf-8") as f:
saved = json.load(f)
self._next_id = saved.get("next_id", 0)
for tid_str, d in saved.get("timers", {}).items():
d["elapsed"] = 0.0 # 再起動時はリセット
self._add(d.get("target", 0), d)
except Exception:
self._add(0)
def _on_close(self):
self._save()
self.root.destroy()
if __name__ == "__main__":
root = tk.Tk()
app = App090(root)
root.mainloop()
Textウィジェットでの結果表示
tk.Textウィジェットをstate=DISABLED（読み取り専用）で作成し、更新時はNORMALに変更してinsert()で内容を書き込み、再びDISABLEDに戻します。
import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import ttk, messagebox
import time
import threading
import json
import os
from datetime import timedelta
try:
import winsound
SOUND_AVAILABLE = True
except ImportError:
SOUND_AVAILABLE = False
SAVE_PATH = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), "timers.json")
COLORS = ["#ef5350", "#26a69a", "#4fc3f7", "#ffa726", "#ab47bc",
"#66bb6a", "#ec407a", "#29b6f6"]
class TimerWidget:
"""個別タイマーウィジェット"""
def __init__(self, parent, timer_id, data, on_delete, on_save):
self._id = timer_id
self._data = data
self._on_delete = on_delete
self._on_save = on_save
self._running = False
self._elapsed = data.get("elapsed", 0.0)
self._target = data.get("target", 0) # 0 = ストップウォッチ
self._start_t = None
self._color = data.get("color", COLORS[timer_id % len(COLORS)])
self.frame = tk.Frame(parent, bg=self._color, padx=6, pady=4,
relief=tk.RAISED, bd=1)
self._build()
def _build(self):
f = self.frame
color = self._color
# タイトル行
top = tk.Frame(f, bg=color)
top.pack(fill=tk.X)
self.name_var = tk.StringVar(value=self._data.get("name", f"タイマー {self._id+1}"))
name_entry = tk.Entry(top, textvariable=self.name_var,
bg=color, fg="white", relief=tk.FLAT,
font=("Noto Sans JP", 9, "bold"),
insertbackground="white", width=14)
name_entry.pack(side=tk.LEFT)
name_entry.bind("<FocusOut>", lambda e: self._on_save())
tk.Button(top, text="✕", bg=color, fg="white",
relief=tk.FLAT, font=("Arial", 8), bd=0,
command=self._delete).pack(side=tk.RIGHT)
# 時間表示
self.time_lbl = tk.Label(f, text="00:00:00",
bg=color, fg="white",
font=("Courier New", 20, "bold"))
self.time_lbl.pack(pady=4)
# プログレス (カウントダウン時)
self.progress = ttk.Progressbar(f, mode="determinate",
length=140, maximum=100)
if self._target > 0:
self.progress.pack(pady=2)
# ボタン行
btn_row = tk.Frame(f, bg=color)
btn_row.pack()
self.start_btn = tk.Button(
btn_row, text="▶", command=self._toggle,
bg=self._darken(color), fg="white", relief=tk.FLAT,
font=("Arial", 11), padx=8, pady=2,
activebackground=self._darken(color), bd=0)
self.start_btn.pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=2)
tk.Button(btn_row, text="⏹", command=self._reset,
bg=self._darken(color), fg="white", relief=tk.FLAT,
font=("Arial", 11), padx=8, pady=2,
activebackground=self._darken(color), bd=0).pack(
side=tk.LEFT, padx=2)
# ラップタイム
self.lap_lbl = tk.Label(f, text="", bg=color, fg="rgba(255,255,255,0.7)",
font=("Arial", 7))
self.lap_lbl.pack()
self._update_display()
def _darken(self, hex_color):
try:
r = max(0, int(hex_color[1:3], 16) - 40)
g = max(0, int(hex_color[3:5], 16) - 40)
b = max(0, int(hex_color[5:7], 16) - 40)
return f"#{r:02x}{g:02x}{b:02x}"
except Exception:
return hex_color
def _toggle(self):
if self._running:
self._pause()
else:
self._start()
def _start(self):
self._running = True
self._start_t = time.time()
self.start_btn.config(text="⏸")
self._tick()
def _pause(self):
self._running = False
if self._start_t:
self._elapsed += time.time() - self._start_t
self._start_t = None
self.start_btn.config(text="▶")
self._on_save()
def _reset(self):
self._running = False
self._elapsed = 0.0
self._start_t = None
self.start_btn.config(text="▶")
self._update_display()
self._on_save()
def _tick(self):
if not self._running:
return
elapsed = self._elapsed + (time.time() - self._start_t)
self._update_display(elapsed)
if self._target > 0:
remaining = self._target - elapsed
if remaining <= 0:
self._running = False
self._elapsed = self._target
self._update_display(self._target)
self._alarm()
return
self.frame.after(50, self._tick)
def _alarm(self):
self.time_lbl.config(fg="#ff0", text="時間です!")
if SOUND_AVAILABLE:
threading.Thread(
target=lambda: winsound.Beep(880, 800), daemon=True).start()
else:
self.frame.bell()
def _update_display(self, elapsed=None):
if elapsed is None:
elapsed = self._elapsed
if self._target > 0:
remaining = max(0, self._target - elapsed)
display = remaining
pct = (1 - remaining / self._target) * 100 if self._target else 0
self.progress["value"] = pct
else:
display = elapsed
h = int(display // 3600)
m = int((display % 3600) // 60)
s = int(display % 60)
ms = int((display % 1) * 10)
if h > 0:
self.time_lbl.config(text=f"{h:02d}:{m:02d}:{s:02d}")
else:
self.time_lbl.config(text=f"{m:02d}:{s:02d}.{ms}")
def _delete(self):
self._running = False
self._on_delete(self._id)
def get_data(self):
elapsed = self._elapsed
if self._running and self._start_t:
elapsed += time.time() - self._start_t
return {
"name": self.name_var.get(),
"elapsed": elapsed,
"target": self._target,
"color": self._color,
}
class App090:
"""マルチタイマー"""
MAX_TIMERS = 8
def __init__(self, root):
self.root = root
self.root.title("マルチタイマー")
self.root.geometry("900x440")
self.root.configure(bg="#1e1e1e")
self._timers = {} # {timer_id: TimerWidget}
self._next_id = 0
self._build_ui()
self._load()
self.root.protocol("WM_DELETE_WINDOW", self._on_close)
def _build_ui(self):
header = tk.Frame(self.root, bg="#252526", pady=6)
header.pack(fill=tk.X)
tk.Label(header, text="⏱ マルチタイマー",
font=("Noto Sans JP", 12, "bold"),
bg="#252526", fg="#4fc3f7").pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=12)
# コントロール
ctrl = tk.Frame(self.root, bg="#2d2d2d", pady=4)
ctrl.pack(fill=tk.X)
tk.Button(ctrl, text="＋ ストップウォッチ追加", command=lambda: self._add(0),
bg="#1565c0", fg="white", relief=tk.FLAT,
font=("Arial", 10), padx=12, pady=4,
activebackground="#0d47a1", bd=0).pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=4)
tk.Label(ctrl, text="カウントダウン:", bg="#2d2d2d", fg="#ccc",
font=("Arial", 9)).pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=(8, 2))
self.cd_min_var = tk.IntVar(value=5)
ttk.Spinbox(ctrl, from_=0, to=99, textvariable=self.cd_min_var,
width=4).pack(side=tk.LEFT)
tk.Label(ctrl, text="分", bg="#2d2d2d", fg="#ccc",
font=("Arial", 9)).pack(side=tk.LEFT)
self.cd_sec_var = tk.IntVar(value=0)
ttk.Spinbox(ctrl, from_=0, to=59, textvariable=self.cd_sec_var,
width=4).pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=2)
tk.Label(ctrl, text="秒", bg="#2d2d2d", fg="#ccc",
font=("Arial", 9)).pack(side=tk.LEFT)
tk.Button(ctrl, text="＋ カウントダウン追加",
command=self._add_countdown,
bg="#6a1b9a", fg="white", relief=tk.FLAT,
font=("Arial", 10), padx=12, pady=4,
activebackground="#4a148c", bd=0).pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=8)
ttk.Button(ctrl, text="全てリセット",
command=self._reset_all).pack(side=tk.RIGHT, padx=8)
# タイマーグリッド
self.grid_frame = tk.Frame(self.root, bg="#1e1e1e")
self.grid_frame.pack(fill=tk.BOTH, expand=True, padx=8, pady=4)
self.status_var = tk.StringVar(value="タイマーを追加してください")
tk.Label(self.root, textvariable=self.status_var,
bg="#252526", fg="#858585", font=("Arial", 9),
anchor="w", padx=8).pack(fill=tk.X, side=tk.BOTTOM)
def _add(self, target_sec, data=None):
if len(self._timers) >= self.MAX_TIMERS:
messagebox.showwarning("警告", f"タイマーは最大 {self.MAX_TIMERS} 個まで")
return
tid = self._next_id
self._next_id += 1
d = data or {"name": f"タイマー {tid+1}", "elapsed": 0.0,
"target": target_sec,
"color": COLORS[tid % len(COLORS)]}
tw = TimerWidget(self.grid_frame, tid, d,
on_delete=self._remove,
on_save=self._save)
self._timers[tid] = tw
self._relayout()
self.status_var.set(f"タイマー: {len(self._timers)} 個")
self._save()
def _add_countdown(self):
total = self.cd_min_var.get() * 60 + self.cd_sec_var.get()
if total <= 0:
messagebox.showwarning("警告", "0より大きい時間を設定してください")
return
self._add(total)
def _remove(self, tid):
if tid in self._timers:
self._timers[tid].frame.destroy()
del self._timers[tid]
self._relayout()
self.status_var.set(f"タイマー: {len(self._timers)} 個")
self._save()
def _relayout(self):
"""グリッドに並べ直す"""
for tw in self._timers.values():
tw.frame.grid_forget()
cols = 4
for i, (tid, tw) in enumerate(self._timers.items()):
row = i // cols
col = i % cols
tw.frame.grid(row=row, column=col, padx=6, pady=6, sticky="nsew")
for c in range(cols):
self.grid_frame.columnconfigure(c, weight=1)
def _reset_all(self):
for tw in self._timers.values():
tw._reset()
def _save(self):
data = {tid: tw.get_data() for tid, tw in self._timers.items()}
try:
with open(SAVE_PATH, "w", encoding="utf-8") as f:
json.dump({"next_id": self._next_id, "timers": data}, f,
ensure_ascii=False)
except Exception:
pass
def _load(self):
if not os.path.exists(SAVE_PATH):
# デフォルト2個
self._add(0)
self._add(300)
return
try:
with open(SAVE_PATH, encoding="utf-8") as f:
saved = json.load(f)
self._next_id = saved.get("next_id", 0)
for tid_str, d in saved.get("timers", {}).items():
d["elapsed"] = 0.0 # 再起動時はリセット
self._add(d.get("target", 0), d)
except Exception:
self._add(0)
def _on_close(self):
self._save()
self.root.destroy()
if __name__ == "__main__":
root = tk.Tk()
app = App090(root)
root.mainloop()
例外処理とエラーハンドリング
try-exceptでValueErrorとExceptionを捕捉し、messagebox.showerror()でエラーメッセージを表示します。予期しないエラーも処理することで、アプリの堅牢性が向上します。
import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import ttk, messagebox
import time
import threading
import json
import os
from datetime import timedelta
try:
import winsound
SOUND_AVAILABLE = True
except ImportError:
SOUND_AVAILABLE = False
SAVE_PATH = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), "timers.json")
COLORS = ["#ef5350", "#26a69a", "#4fc3f7", "#ffa726", "#ab47bc",
"#66bb6a", "#ec407a", "#29b6f6"]
class TimerWidget:
"""個別タイマーウィジェット"""
def __init__(self, parent, timer_id, data, on_delete, on_save):
self._id = timer_id
self._data = data
self._on_delete = on_delete
self._on_save = on_save
self._running = False
self._elapsed = data.get("elapsed", 0.0)
self._target = data.get("target", 0) # 0 = ストップウォッチ
self._start_t = None
self._color = data.get("color", COLORS[timer_id % len(COLORS)])
self.frame = tk.Frame(parent, bg=self._color, padx=6, pady=4,
relief=tk.RAISED, bd=1)
self._build()
def _build(self):
f = self.frame
color = self._color
# タイトル行
top = tk.Frame(f, bg=color)
top.pack(fill=tk.X)
self.name_var = tk.StringVar(value=self._data.get("name", f"タイマー {self._id+1}"))
name_entry = tk.Entry(top, textvariable=self.name_var,
bg=color, fg="white", relief=tk.FLAT,
font=("Noto Sans JP", 9, "bold"),
insertbackground="white", width=14)
name_entry.pack(side=tk.LEFT)
name_entry.bind("<FocusOut>", lambda e: self._on_save())
tk.Button(top, text="✕", bg=color, fg="white",
relief=tk.FLAT, font=("Arial", 8), bd=0,
command=self._delete).pack(side=tk.RIGHT)
# 時間表示
self.time_lbl = tk.Label(f, text="00:00:00",
bg=color, fg="white",
font=("Courier New", 20, "bold"))
self.time_lbl.pack(pady=4)
# プログレス (カウントダウン時)
self.progress = ttk.Progressbar(f, mode="determinate",
length=140, maximum=100)
if self._target > 0:
self.progress.pack(pady=2)
# ボタン行
btn_row = tk.Frame(f, bg=color)
btn_row.pack()
self.start_btn = tk.Button(
btn_row, text="▶", command=self._toggle,
bg=self._darken(color), fg="white", relief=tk.FLAT,
font=("Arial", 11), padx=8, pady=2,
activebackground=self._darken(color), bd=0)
self.start_btn.pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=2)
tk.Button(btn_row, text="⏹", command=self._reset,
bg=self._darken(color), fg="white", relief=tk.FLAT,
font=("Arial", 11), padx=8, pady=2,
activebackground=self._darken(color), bd=0).pack(
side=tk.LEFT, padx=2)
# ラップタイム
self.lap_lbl = tk.Label(f, text="", bg=color, fg="rgba(255,255,255,0.7)",
font=("Arial", 7))
self.lap_lbl.pack()
self._update_display()
def _darken(self, hex_color):
try:
r = max(0, int(hex_color[1:3], 16) - 40)
g = max(0, int(hex_color[3:5], 16) - 40)
b = max(0, int(hex_color[5:7], 16) - 40)
return f"#{r:02x}{g:02x}{b:02x}"
except Exception:
return hex_color
def _toggle(self):
if self._running:
self._pause()
else:
self._start()
def _start(self):
self._running = True
self._start_t = time.time()
self.start_btn.config(text="⏸")
self._tick()
def _pause(self):
self._running = False
if self._start_t:
self._elapsed += time.time() - self._start_t
self._start_t = None
self.start_btn.config(text="▶")
self._on_save()
def _reset(self):
self._running = False
self._elapsed = 0.0
self._start_t = None
self.start_btn.config(text="▶")
self._update_display()
self._on_save()
def _tick(self):
if not self._running:
return
elapsed = self._elapsed + (time.time() - self._start_t)
self._update_display(elapsed)
if self._target > 0:
remaining = self._target - elapsed
if remaining <= 0:
self._running = False
self._elapsed = self._target
self._update_display(self._target)
self._alarm()
return
self.frame.after(50, self._tick)
def _alarm(self):
self.time_lbl.config(fg="#ff0", text="時間です!")
if SOUND_AVAILABLE:
threading.Thread(
target=lambda: winsound.Beep(880, 800), daemon=True).start()
else:
self.frame.bell()
def _update_display(self, elapsed=None):
if elapsed is None:
elapsed = self._elapsed
if self._target > 0:
remaining = max(0, self._target - elapsed)
display = remaining
pct = (1 - remaining / self._target) * 100 if self._target else 0
self.progress["value"] = pct
else:
display = elapsed
h = int(display // 3600)
m = int((display % 3600) // 60)
s = int(display % 60)
ms = int((display % 1) * 10)
if h > 0:
self.time_lbl.config(text=f"{h:02d}:{m:02d}:{s:02d}")
else:
self.time_lbl.config(text=f"{m:02d}:{s:02d}.{ms}")
def _delete(self):
self._running = False
self._on_delete(self._id)
def get_data(self):
elapsed = self._elapsed
if self._running and self._start_t:
elapsed += time.time() - self._start_t
return {
"name": self.name_var.get(),
"elapsed": elapsed,
"target": self._target,
"color": self._color,
}
class App090:
"""マルチタイマー"""
MAX_TIMERS = 8
def __init__(self, root):
self.root = root
self.root.title("マルチタイマー")
self.root.geometry("900x440")
self.root.configure(bg="#1e1e1e")
self._timers = {} # {timer_id: TimerWidget}
self._next_id = 0
self._build_ui()
self._load()
self.root.protocol("WM_DELETE_WINDOW", self._on_close)
def _build_ui(self):
header = tk.Frame(self.root, bg="#252526", pady=6)
header.pack(fill=tk.X)
tk.Label(header, text="⏱ マルチタイマー",
font=("Noto Sans JP", 12, "bold"),
bg="#252526", fg="#4fc3f7").pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=12)
# コントロール
ctrl = tk.Frame(self.root, bg="#2d2d2d", pady=4)
ctrl.pack(fill=tk.X)
tk.Button(ctrl, text="＋ ストップウォッチ追加", command=lambda: self._add(0),
bg="#1565c0", fg="white", relief=tk.FLAT,
font=("Arial", 10), padx=12, pady=4,
activebackground="#0d47a1", bd=0).pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=4)
tk.Label(ctrl, text="カウントダウン:", bg="#2d2d2d", fg="#ccc",
font=("Arial", 9)).pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=(8, 2))
self.cd_min_var = tk.IntVar(value=5)
ttk.Spinbox(ctrl, from_=0, to=99, textvariable=self.cd_min_var,
width=4).pack(side=tk.LEFT)
tk.Label(ctrl, text="分", bg="#2d2d2d", fg="#ccc",
font=("Arial", 9)).pack(side=tk.LEFT)
self.cd_sec_var = tk.IntVar(value=0)
ttk.Spinbox(ctrl, from_=0, to=59, textvariable=self.cd_sec_var,
width=4).pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=2)
tk.Label(ctrl, text="秒", bg="#2d2d2d", fg="#ccc",
font=("Arial", 9)).pack(side=tk.LEFT)
tk.Button(ctrl, text="＋ カウントダウン追加",
command=self._add_countdown,
bg="#6a1b9a", fg="white", relief=tk.FLAT,
font=("Arial", 10), padx=12, pady=4,
activebackground="#4a148c", bd=0).pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=8)
ttk.Button(ctrl, text="全てリセット",
command=self._reset_all).pack(side=tk.RIGHT, padx=8)
# タイマーグリッド
self.grid_frame = tk.Frame(self.root, bg="#1e1e1e")
self.grid_frame.pack(fill=tk.BOTH, expand=True, padx=8, pady=4)
self.status_var = tk.StringVar(value="タイマーを追加してください")
tk.Label(self.root, textvariable=self.status_var,
bg="#252526", fg="#858585", font=("Arial", 9),
anchor="w", padx=8).pack(fill=tk.X, side=tk.BOTTOM)
def _add(self, target_sec, data=None):
if len(self._timers) >= self.MAX_TIMERS:
messagebox.showwarning("警告", f"タイマーは最大 {self.MAX_TIMERS} 個まで")
return
tid = self._next_id
self._next_id += 1
d = data or {"name": f"タイマー {tid+1}", "elapsed": 0.0,
"target": target_sec,
"color": COLORS[tid % len(COLORS)]}
tw = TimerWidget(self.grid_frame, tid, d,
on_delete=self._remove,
on_save=self._save)
self._timers[tid] = tw
self._relayout()
self.status_var.set(f"タイマー: {len(self._timers)} 個")
self._save()
def _add_countdown(self):
total = self.cd_min_var.get() * 60 + self.cd_sec_var.get()
if total <= 0:
messagebox.showwarning("警告", "0より大きい時間を設定してください")
return
self._add(total)
def _remove(self, tid):
if tid in self._timers:
self._timers[tid].frame.destroy()
del self._timers[tid]
self._relayout()
self.status_var.set(f"タイマー: {len(self._timers)} 個")
self._save()
def _relayout(self):
"""グリッドに並べ直す"""
for tw in self._timers.values():
tw.frame.grid_forget()
cols = 4
for i, (tid, tw) in enumerate(self._timers.items()):
row = i // cols
col = i % cols
tw.frame.grid(row=row, column=col, padx=6, pady=6, sticky="nsew")
for c in range(cols):
self.grid_frame.columnconfigure(c, weight=1)
def _reset_all(self):
for tw in self._timers.values():
tw._reset()
def _save(self):
data = {tid: tw.get_data() for tid, tw in self._timers.items()}
try:
with open(SAVE_PATH, "w", encoding="utf-8") as f:
json.dump({"next_id": self._next_id, "timers": data}, f,
ensure_ascii=False)
except Exception:
pass
def _load(self):
if not os.path.exists(SAVE_PATH):
# デフォルト2個
self._add(0)
self._add(300)
return
try:
with open(SAVE_PATH, encoding="utf-8") as f:
saved = json.load(f)
self._next_id = saved.get("next_id", 0)
for tid_str, d in saved.get("timers", {}).items():
d["elapsed"] = 0.0 # 再起動時はリセット
self._add(d.get("target", 0), d)
except Exception:
self._add(0)
def _on_close(self):
self._save()
self.root.destroy()
if __name__ == "__main__":
root = tk.Tk()
app = App090(root)
root.mainloop()
6. ステップバイステップガイド
このアプリをゼロから自分で作る手順を解説します。コードをコピーするだけでなく、実際に手順を追って自分で書いてみましょう。
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1ファイルを作成する
新しいファイルを作成して app090.py と保存します。
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2クラスの骨格を作る
App090クラスを定義し、__init__とmainloop()の最小構成を作ります。
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3タイトルバーを作る
Frameを使ってカラーバー付きのタイトルエリアを作ります。
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4入力フォームを実装する
LabelFrameとEntryウィジェットで入力エリアを作ります。
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5処理ロジックを実装する
_execute()メソッドにメインロジックを実装します。
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6結果表示を実装する
TextウィジェットかLabelに結果を表示する_show_result()を実装します。
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7エラー処理を追加する
try-exceptとmessageboxでエラーハンドリングを追加します。
7. カスタマイズアイデア
基本機能を習得したら、以下のカスタマイズに挑戦してみましょう。
💡 ダークモードを追加する
bg色・fg色を辞書で管理し、ボタン1つでダークモード・ライトモードを切り替えられるようにしましょう。
💡 データの保存機能
処理結果をCSV・TXTファイルに保存する機能を追加しましょう。filedialog.asksaveasfilename()でファイル保存ダイアログが使えます。
💡 設定ダイアログ
フォントサイズや色などの設定をユーザーが変更できるオプションダイアログを追加しましょう。
8. よくある問題と解決法
❌ 日本語フォントが表示されない
原因：システムに日本語フォントが見つからない場合があります。
解決法：font引数を省略するかシステムに合ったフォントを指定してください。
❌ ライブラリのインポートエラー
原因：必要なライブラリがインストールされていません。
解決法：pip install コマンドで必要なライブラリをインストールしてください。
❌ ウィンドウサイズが合わない
原因：画面解像度や表示スケールによって異なる場合があります。
解決法：root.geometry()で適切なサイズに調整してください。
9. 練習問題
アプリの理解を深めるための練習問題です。
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課題1：機能拡張
マルチタイマーに新しい機能を1つ追加してみましょう。
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課題2：UIの改善
色・フォント・レイアウトを変更して、より使いやすいUIにカスタマイズしましょう。
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課題3：保存機能の追加
処理結果をファイルに保存する機能を追加しましょう。